Help:IPA for Kurdish

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The chart below shows how the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Kurdish pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. The pronunciation is based primarily on Northern Kurdish, Central Kurdish and Southern Kurdish.

Consonants
IPA Latin letter Arabic letter Examples English approximation
b b ب bira brother
d͡ʒ c ج cerg joy
t͡ʃ ç چ çav church
d d د derga door
f f ف firya family
ɡ g گ gerdûn good
h h ھ‎ hermê house
ʒ j ژ jûr pleasure
k k ک kar kind
l l ل lîmo lemon
ɫ [1] ł / ll ڵ dił bull
m m م mêr mother
n n ن nîsk node
ŋ [2] ň / ng نگ maň long
p p پ pepûle policy
q q ق qazî No English equivalent
ɾ [3] r ر karwan better in American English
r [4] ř / rr ڕ piř No English equivalent; trill r as Spanish perro
s s س sard cinema
ʃ ş ش şîn sheep
t t ت taze tea
v v ڤ viyan vote
w w و werz web
x x خ xeyall loch in Scottish English
j y ی yar year
z z ز zîrek zoo
Non-Native Consonants
IPA Latin letter Arabic letter Examples English approximation
ʕ ʿ ع ʿezîz No English equivalent
ɣ ǧ / gh غ beǧ No English equivalent
ħ ḥ ح ḥeft No English equivalent
Vowels
IPA Latin letter Arabic letter Examples English approximation
aː ~ ɑː [5] a ا masî / ar hat / lava
ɛ ~ a [6] e ە berx / esp bed / guide
eː [7] ê ێ bêdeng beer
ɪ i ں Kurdistan hill
iː î ی bîr see
o [8] o ۆ roj oracle
ʏ̫ː [9] ö وێ xö No English equivalent
u u و gulan nuke
uː û وو sûr root
yː [10] ü ۊ kü choose in Scottish English

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Does not occur word-initially
  2. ^ Used around the dialects that exists in Silêmanî, Seqiz, Sine and other areas. Others pronounce it like a normal [n] along with the letter [g] instead of a velar [ŋ], e.g. maň/mang.
  3. ^ Does not occur word-initially
  4. ^ All word-initial r’s are trilled, no matter how they are written.
  5. ^ In Southern Kurdish pronunciation, it is a back [ɑː] instead of a front [aː].
  6. ^ In Southern Kurdish pronunciation, it is a back [ɑ] instead of a mid front [ɛ].
  7. ^ Does not exist in some Southern Kurdish sub-dialect pronunciation.
  8. ^ Does not exist in some Southern Kurdish sub-dialect pronunciation.
  9. ^ Exists mostly in Jafi pronunciation.
  10. ^ Exists mostly in Southern Kurdish pronunciation.

External links[edit]

http://www.kurdishacademy.org/?q=node/3

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