Help:IPA for Astur-Leonese

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Asturian, Extremaduran and Mirandese pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

IPA Consonants A E  M  Examples English approximation b b bota, vida / bida best ɸ ː abdicar Japanese f (A) β β β la vida / la bida, cabra between baby and bevy ɸː las vidas / las bidas between baby and bevy (A, M), Japanese f (E) d de, onda date ð ð ð sedo, padre other θː desde thing f ɸ f fueu face (A, M), Japanese f (E) h fierro / hierro / fiêrro face, hot ʰ nafta face, hot silent, face ɡ ɡ gata, anguila got x ŋ digno, acné German Bach (A), sing (E), got (M) ɣ ɣ ɣ agora, águila between ago and ahold xː (d)esgracia / desgraça between ago and ahold (A, M), German Bach (E) ʝ h ʎ muyer / mujer / mulhier beyond, hope, million ʝ j oye / oyi beyond ɟʝ dʒ ʒ cónyuxe / cónyuji / cónjuge injure, rouge k cun, que, cual / qual scan l l l salir, alto lip ˡ sal lip, palm, wool ʎ ʎ llingua / lhéngua million ʎ million m mes, amar mother n naide, sana need ŋ pinga, en, álbum / álbun sing ɲ añus / anhos canyon p pero spouse r rato, carro rolled r ɾ ɾ ɾ trato, caro, alto (E) US ladder ʳ mar are s s s̺ sol, pasu / passo sack ʰ estar / estal / star bus, cat, stark ð z̺ casa / cada sack, other, zebra z ʱ esmeráu / smerado quiz, cat t tolos, ocho / oito stand tʃ chano, ocho / oito chop v ʱ v afgano of, cat θ ː d admira, ritmo thing (A), date (M) θ s̻ cielos thing, sack ʰ paz / paç thing, cat, bus ð z̻ decir / idel / dezir thing, other, zebra ð ʱ paz / paç de la tierra smooth, cat, quiz ʃ s ʃ xorda / sorda shop, sack h caxa / caja shop, hope ʒ axunto / ajunto, orixe / ourige shop, hope, rouge ʒ ʱ rouge, cat IPA Dialectal consonants h ḥierro ham ɟʝ yyegar (ll, ch), muyyer (ll, ḥ) injure ɖ ḷḷingua, patsuezu (in some local orthographies) guard ɖʐ gin ʈʂ chin ts otso (ocho / oito) pizza

IPA Vowels A E  M  Examples English approximation a a cacho, pá father ɐ cachico tub e e senu / seno, pie / piê pay ɛ bezu / beç, sé bet ɨ cebada roses i chícharo see o o puerta / puôrta cold ɔ home, abó thought ʊ costiella / costiêlha influence u pruma food IPA Final reduced vowels a ɐ ɪ ɨ ʊ IPA Dialectal vowels ɛ ɔ   IPA Semivowels A E M Examples English approximation j fierro / fiêrro you / boy w puerta / puôrta wine / cow   IPA Suprasegmentals A E M Examples Explanation ˈ ˌ . ː ː ː ? gemination esti [ˈeʰtːɪ] IPA Diacritics ◌̃ antes, cun nasal vowel

References

Asturian

• García Arias, Xosé Lluis (2003). Gramática histórica de la lengua asturiana (in Spanish). Academia de la Llingua Asturiana. 
• "Gramática de la Llingua Asturiana" (PDF) (in Asturian). 

Extremaduran

• "La fonética de las hablas extremeñas" (PDF) (in Spanish). 

• "El habla en Extremadura" (PDF) (in Spanish). 

Mirandese

• "Convenção Ortográfica da Língua Mirandesa" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Lisbon: Câmara Municipal de Miranda do Douro / Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa.