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What if Facebook Gave Us an Opposing-Viewpoints Button?

With more information than ever at our fingertips, why has it become harder to fathom your neighbor’s point of view? Facebook contributes to an online echo chamber—but could also be part of a solution

As a source of news, Facebook for many has replaced the old corner newsstand, where Forbes and Rolling Stone sat inches apart. On Facebook, though, it isn’t easy to recreate that experience or tweak what shows up in your News Feed. For such an important information gateway, we know remarkably little about how Facebook’s News Feed works. ENLARGE
As a source of news, Facebook for many has replaced the old corner newsstand, where Forbes and Rolling Stone sat inches apart. On Facebook, though, it isn’t easy to recreate that experience or tweak what shows up in your News Feed. For such an important information gateway, we know remarkably little about how Facebook’s News Feed works. Photo: AFP/Getty Images

Imagine if you could flip a switch on Facebook, FB 0.26 % and turn all the conservative viewpoints that you see liberal, or vice versa. You’d realize your news might look nothing like your neighbor’s.

See for yourself: Using data from Facebook, The Wall Street Journal made an online tool that lets you explore two live streams of posts you likely wouldn’t see in the same Facebook account. One draws from publications where the majority of shared links fell into the “very conservative” category during Facebook’s study, while the other pulls from sources whose links, for the most part, aligned “very liberal.” The headline “American Toddlers Have Shot 23 People” sits right across the aisle from “VA Tries to Seize Disabled Vet’s Guns.”

You can get lost for hours studying these alternate realities. What I see is a missed opportunity for technology to break down walls during this particularly divided moment. With access to more information than ever online, how could other points of view be so alien?

One reason: Facebook’s home page News Feed is run by a personalization algorithm that feeds you information it thinks you want to see. It’s a machine tuned to promote sunset selfies and live cat videos, not foster political discourse. Why not add an opposing-viewpoints button that gives me the power to see a headline from another side?

Sure, the other side can be really annoying—especially if you not only disagree with a post but also know it is incorrect. But I’m not the only one getting restless about our shrinking perspectives. President Barack Obama recently expressed dismay about a world where Democrats and Republicans alike live in echo chambers and “just listen to people who already agree with them.” Conservative commentator Glenn Beck this week shared similar feelings, directing his frustration at the social network: “Facebook truly is the only communal experience we now have in some ways. We need to see what ‘the other side’ is talking about.”

Around the globe, Facebook members spend 50 minutes a day on the social network and its sister services Messenger and Instagram. In America, more than 60% of members get political news from Facebook—and liberals are particularly tuned into it as a source, according to Pew Research Center. Facebook has courted serious news outlets, including the Journal, to publish “instant articles” directly into its streams.

Facebook is replacing the old corner newsstand, where the covers of Forbes and Rolling Stone might sit inches apart. On Facebook, it isn’t easy to recreate that experience, or even tweak what shows up in your News Feed (though I have a few tips later in this column). Of course, Facebook isn’t to blame for ignorant commentators or closed minds—they’ve been around as long as there’s been news. But it can no longer shrug off accountability for its invisible hand on news.

Do we really want tech companies shaping our news? The truth is, they already do.

Facebook got into a heap of trouble last week following allegations that contractors who edit a “Trending” headlines box suppressed conservative news. (Facebook has denied this.) But a much bigger part of our Facebook experience is the News Feed, which was created by humans and carries its own biases. With a goal to get you to spend more time on Facebook, it uses 100,000 signals from you, your friends and the rest of the world to determine whether you want to read more or less about gun violence, or whether the Kardashians are more important than the situation in Kurdistan. And for such an important information gateway, we know remarkably little about how it works.

Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook’s chief executive, at the Facebook F8 conference in San Francisco on April 12. The company has been addressing concerns raised in the wake of allegations that humans suppressed conservative news in its ‘Trending’ headlines box. ENLARGE
Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook’s chief executive, at the Facebook F8 conference in San Francisco on April 12. The company has been addressing concerns raised in the wake of allegations that humans suppressed conservative news in its ‘Trending’ headlines box. Photo: Stephen Lam/Reuters

Debate has swirled for years over whether personalization technology is actually closing us off to outside points of view and distorting reality by promoting conspiracy theories. Liberal tech activist Eli Pariser dubbed it the “filter bubble.” The problem is difficult to quantify, but you can find variations of it all over: Google customizes search results, Amazon recommends what to read, Netflix NFLX 2.11 % downplays search for its own personalized suggestions.

Facebook says the problem is us. Last year, the academic journal Science published a peer-reviewed article by Facebook researchers that showed that, on average, almost 29% of hard news that appears in the News Feed cuts across ideological lines. They concluded Facebook’s algorithm doesn’t create a filter bubble, but simply reflects one we make for ourselves. Other social scientists disagreed with both the methodology of the study and its conclusions, comparing it to the argument that “guns don’t kill people, people kill people.”

The echo chamber blame game may rage on, but the real issue is how technology can serve to broaden our views. That’s what inspired my Journal colleague Jon Keegan to create the “Blue Feed, Red Feed” tool.

Facebook and Politics: Five Things to Know

Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg meets with prominent conservatives Wednesday following allegations that the social network is politically biased. WSJ's Shelby Holliday runs down five things to know about Facebook when it comes to politics. Photo: Associated Press

His source was data Facebook’s researchers included with their 2015 report. With (anonymized) access to our behavior on the social network, they tracked and analyzed the news shared by 10.1 million U.S. users who had identified their political views on their profiles. The Facebook researchers mapped those news sources along the right and left wings based on who shared what.

Blue Feed, Red Feed” is a near-live stream of posts from these sources—though, importantly, not a simulation of what a conservative or liberal person actually sees. (You won’t find the Journal or its biggest competitors on either feed, because their content was shared by users spread across more of the political spectrum, according to Facebook. Read more about the tool’s methodology here.)

The result is a product Facebook hasn’t made for its users: a feed tuned to highlight opposing views. Once you take a detour to the other side, your own news looks different—we aren’t just missing information, we’re missing what our neighbors are dwelling on. (“Blue Feed, Red Feed” will be updated with new topics throughout this election season, so you can keep using it.)

While you should never rely on Facebook as the sole source of your news, there are ways you can pop your filter bubble inside the network, too.

First, you have to understand how political stories get into your News Feed. They come from two places: people you’ve “friended” writing a post or sharing a piece of content, and news sources whose Facebook pages you’ve “liked.” From those sources, Facebook’s algorithm presents posts in an order it thinks you’d like to see them.

To increase the range of sources you see, you could “like” more news and opinion outlets. Doing this diversified my News Feed only a little in the short term. If you go down this path, beware that liking a page (even ones contrary to your regular views) is an action that might be seen by your friends. (You can make your likes private in Settings.)

Facebook has taken a number of other small steps to improve the News Feed. When you click on a post with an article, Facebook pops underneath it a box called “people also shared,” with related posts that might broaden your view. And as of a few months ago, you can do more than “like” a news story—you can even “sad” or “angry” it, which are particularly useful in a political season.

While you can’t exactly customize your News Feed, you can use the recently expanded News Feed preferences, found under Settings, to prioritize people or news sources you’d like to see first. There you’ll also find a “discover” tool where Facebook lists additional sources it thinks might match your interests. In my experience, though, Facebook’s suggestions hardly challenged my typical set of sources. (The discover tool also didn’t work on my Facebook phone app due to a bug.)

Last month, Facebook launched a video encouraging its members to “keep an open mind” during the U.S. elections by seeking out other points of view. It suggested we use its search box to look up news topics, which it presents from a wide range of sources. But Facebook search is one of its least intuitive products, and there’s no way to pin a topic to have it show up in our News Feed.

“Changing your mind isn’t the point. Being open to it is,” Facebook said. I couldn’t agree more—but as a product, Facebook makes it harder, not easier, for its members to do this.

“Blue Feed, Red Feed,” proves Facebook has the data and insight to present us viewpoints we might disagree with. If the Journal could make a tool to expose us to both sides, why couldn’t the world’s largest social network?

Write to Geoffrey A. Fowler at [email protected]

64 comments
Wade Harshman
Wade Harshman subscriber

Many Facebook users already disconnect from those with differing points of view.  I'm not sure they'd willingly seek out news that challenges their established biases.

Greg Carney
Greg Carney subscriber

Interesting proposal.


I generally just look to the WSJ for more conservative points of views and the NYT and the Washington Post for the liberal takes on things.  That being said, the author's point that these are not necessarily what folks who don't have my point of view are seeing is valid.


There are lots of other stories and op-eds out there in other places that I never see.  I tend not to look to the more rabid sources on either end or the spectrum as I dismiss them out of hand.


Just because I think they are rubbish, doesn't mean I should not be aware of them as they are helping to form the opinions of others.  And, who knows, maybe I'll learn something?  It could be quite eye opening.

Mary Blasy
Mary Blasy subscriber

"What if Facebook Gave Us an Opposing-Viewpoints Button?"What if the Wall Street Journal did?


I read the Journal for business purposes - and to basically laugh at everything else the conservative zealots of the world- including most if not all Journal "reporters" have to say.This "news paper" is only slightly less biased than AM talk radio.


Facebook, on the other hand, does not put itself out as a media source - it, like everything in the Journal that is not business related, is just entertainment folks.....


Rick Runge
Rick Runge subscriber

@ Mary Blasy

Thank you !

Jack Armstrong
Jack Armstrong subscriber

What if the WSJ provided an opposing views button?  What is good for the goose is good for the gander.


What?  Most wsj readers would not use it??  Well guess what, I doubt most facebook folks would use one either, or any non conservative site.  


Remember, 305 million Americans do not tune into Fox.  A small minority of Americans feast on that kind of conservative 'news' and the editorials you find in the wsj.

Pat Curtin
Pat Curtin subscriber

What if Facebook Gave Us an Opposing-Viewpoints Button?


What if no one cared about Faceplant?

Martin A Murcek
Martin A Murcek subscriber

Right here in this newspaper last week, Tom Petty said it very well indeed:  “I have a life, so I don’t have to invent one on Facebook,”

Kenneth Brown
Kenneth Brown subscriber

Try international news outlets. They don't have "a dog in the fight". They tend to be more neutral in their views. 

Tommy Butler
Tommy Butler subscriber

The most dangerous people in the world are those who select the algorithms by which information is disseminated on the internet.


Google had the most physical visits of all Lobbyists to the White House.  If that doesn't send chills up your spine, nothing will.

elizabeth abel
elizabeth abel subscriber

The data mining technique is currently working for most folks who like to hang with those with similar views.  Make sure to have friends with opposing ideology, diverse faith and people from around the world.  Take advantage of FB and not be controlled by it. 

Use the controls (like, etc.) and also comment to continue receive opposing views.  If not your world will get smaller.


RICHARD KELLY
RICHARD KELLY

I find it remarkable that Facebook gets that much attention for this. It is not as if anyone thinks WSJ, Fox News, NPR, etc., necessarily present a balanced view. Every media outlet has a political view. Best choice is to read widely and form your own opinion.

Donald Hartman
Donald Hartman subscriber

I am a Libertarian, something that probably 1/3 of Republicans, and 1/3 of Democrats would be if they honestly thought about it.


I respond to posts from both liberal and conservative perspectives, whether I agree with them or not, so I get both sets of feeds.


I also have friends on both ends of the political spectrum, whose posts and feeds I see.  My personal policy is that I will never directly respond to one of my friend's post that I happen to disagree with, for civility's sake.  Political disagreements are NOT more important than friendship.

Jerome Abernathy
Jerome Abernathy subscriber

I only use Facebook for keeping in touch with relatives and friends, but I think the red/blue interactive piece is a great illustration of how the web creates these echo chambers instead of exposing people to multiple points of view.  But, I'd say that's a problem with the media in general.  With so many choices, people tend to gravitate to those news sources and blogs that confirm their opinions.

James Ewins
James Ewins user

FACEBOOK?  FACEBOOK....WHAT IS THAT...a disease? An internet VR gossip fence? why would any intelligent person expose him/her/it's self ? 

EDMUND METCALFE
EDMUND METCALFE subscriber

@James Ewins  I am quite intelligent and I like Facebook.  I'm from a big family and it allows us to connect very easily.  It draws us closer.  We can help each other more easily.  Newlyweds and new parents in my extended family can find solace in the advice of more experienced relations and older members can revel in the experiences of the younger. 

You are in total control of those you connect with and what you "expose".  I only wish my aged parents (now in their 90s) had opted to become computer-savvy, so they could share and watch their family grow.  Cousins and old friends are no longer strangers you see rarely.  Social isolation amongst middle-age and older men can be devastating; Facebook can really serve this group.  There are SOOOO many potential and positive applications.  The longer I am on it, the more I am convinced this is one of the great applications of the computer.

Not to mention, James: It's another place where you could post your uninformed opinion!

BRIAN MACDOUGALL
BRIAN MACDOUGALL subscriber

"President Barack Obama recently expressed dismay about a world where Democrats and Republicans alike live in echo chambers"


Haha funny. The President is a man who has liquidated every single adviser and cabinet member who has offered opinions that differed from the Obama-Jarret-Rhodes axis and its supporting array of junior yes-men.

David Mcmahon
David Mcmahon subscriber

The thing is the left does not want to hear opposing view points. They will deny this of course but look at their ACTIONS. Anyone who doesn't accept a view like "climate change" or "gay marriage" is shouted down and can have their lives destroyed if they express a point of view deemed not acceptable by the left wing intelligensia in public. Witness the CEO of Mozilla who was fired for simply donating a small amount of money to a traditional marriage initiative that had been on the ballot 5 years earlier. 

James Grosser
James Grosser subscriber

@David Mcmahon Please. The same could be said of conservatives. Open-mindedness does not have a left/right tilt. Some conservatives are open minded as are some liberals. Others are not.

John Henry
John Henry subscriber

@David Mcmahon @James Grosser Mr. Mcmahon, it's ironic that you ask "Why do you insist on lying?" in a post that blasts liberals for trying to shut down debate. Because, you see, accusing someone of lying right off the bat might be taken for trying to shut down debate.

David Mcmahon
David Mcmahon subscriber

@James Grosser @David Mcmahon


Why do you insist on lying?


Sorry pal I am calling BS on your narrative. While some conservatives may not be open minded, they do not try to shut down debate the way liberals do. Liberals are social justice warriors, and that is how they roll. All one has to do is look up safe spaces, racism, homophobia, xenophobia, climate change, gay marriage, conservatives not allowed to speak on campus and get flooded with examples of liberals crushing dissent. 

Tim Wilson
Tim Wilson subscriber

Talk about the Kettle (WSJ) calling the Pot (Facebook) black. 

Personally, I had not noticed Facebook had stories or at least I never read one.   No I don't watch animal videos  (especially cat) either.

Ariel St. Germaine
Ariel St. Germaine subscriber

You're not Facebook's customer, you're their product, to think otherwise is foolish.

David Tyler
David Tyler subscriber

> Imagine if you could flip a switch on Facebook, and turn all the conservative viewpoints that you see liberal, or vice versa.                  Imagine if you could just get off Facebook entirely and think for yourself.

James Grosser
James Grosser subscriber

Is this how people use Facebook? To the extent I use Facebook, I get posts from actual people I actually know, not from news organizations, interest groups or celebrities. I only follow real people I know personally.


That plus cat videos.

Edward Carter
Edward Carter subscriber

Great article, thank you for this.

Mark Hanscomb
Mark Hanscomb subscriber

"What if Facebook Gave Us an Opposing-Viewpoints Button?"


Then they would still have control over what you read.  You know, the fact that no one seems to understand that your phone, your computer, your tablet or your gas grill make no decisions just seems to escape people.  None of these devices do anything but what they are programmed to do!  That 99% of American's can't read or understand programming, is simply an indication of how badly our education system has treated us and how far behind it is falling. 

Terry P. Carriker
Terry P. Carriker subscriber

@Mark Hanscomb  /  I know some homeschoolers, who don't teach science-history- only bible stories as 100% true, young Earth.


And parents can't understand why child only gets jobs @ Walmart.

Terry P. Carriker
Terry P. Carriker subscriber

Extreme right - wingers already have Fox News-Rush.

Larry Hayward
Larry Hayward subscriber

@Terry P. Carriker The article is about Facebook and the question is "Do you really want tech companies shaping our news?". 

Jeff Nesselhuf
Jeff Nesselhuf subscriber

I read both the NY Times online and the WSJ online.  It would be nice if both gave us opposing view buttons as well.  I think people on both sides of the aisle need to  accept that sometimes the "other" side has at least a little bit of merit. 

ROBERT HODGES
ROBERT HODGES subscriber

@Jeff Nesselhuf Same here. I notice is that it's often not so much the difference in viewpoint as what the WSJ and NYT consider worth publishing.  For basic news the reporting does not seem all that different when the story is the same. 

Gary Sokolow
Gary Sokolow subscriber

Who really needs Facebook? Surely WSJ has better stories to write.

Justin Murray
Justin Murray subscriber

I don't want to see any viewpoints because it's rare that anyone attempts to justify theirs. Looking at the Facebook infographic, I'm bombarded by why the other guy is the spawn of Satan and evil, but I'm missing something very important - what are the merits of supporting yours?


I have a solid philosophy I live by. If your sales pitch has to mention why the other product is garbage, then that means yours doesn't have anything worth promoting, so why should I buy yours? It's not like I have to buy either one of them. Not buying is a viable option.


If you can't make your case without attacking someone else's opinion, then your case isn't worth my energy considering.


That's a button I'd like to see on Facebook - removing any opinion that can't state its case without talking about the other guy.

Chas E Wortz
Chas E Wortz subscriber

@Justin Murray 

I agree, for many people it is easier to bad-mouth the other side than to say why your side is better.


Whenever I see or hear someone launch an ad hominem attack I know they did not do their homework and do not have the facts at hand to back up their viewpoint.  Whether that viewpoint is closer to reality than the other side is immaterial unless you have the facts to bolster your argument.

David McQueen
David McQueen subscriber

@Justin Murray Quite right.  Ad hominem attacks seem to be the rule, not the exception.  I want to see both sides (but especially the Leftists) state THEIR case, not simply denigrate the other's case.

Ed Sessions III
Ed Sessions III subscriber

I reckon at 58 years old, I am getting old. Up until all the "Hub-Bub" over FB and News on it, I had no idea that one can get news/read news on FB. I have a FB Account in my name but! I use it for all things "Nautical," and to paraphrase Jimmy Buffett,  "Boats Beaches Bars & Ballads. 

Nathan Edelson
Nathan Edelson subscriber

Facebook, Google, and most of Silicon Valley are onboard with Hillary at this time because they are primarily interested in the world as their market and not the measy little USA, to which they have little gratitude, probably in large part because they know so little American (or world) history.


Now there's nothing wrong with them having the world as their market, except they don't have to sell anything to the Chinese or the Russians; all they have to do is to have those people using their services because then these people are providing data which they can crunch with their AI algorithms and then sell the mined data for big profits.  Then can also use it eventually to take over the world in a political sense; the World Troika Leaders Zuckerberg, Brin and Page. It's already happening because power is the ability to change someone's behavior in ways he/she don't necessarily want to go.  Ever had to adjust to a new operating system on your computer?

David Mcmahon
David Mcmahon subscriber

@Nathan Edelson


They are on board with Hillary because they have guilty white people syndrome. They are limousine liberals that can voice concern about "undocumented immigrants" while living behind high walls in sheltered mansions. 

Ed Sessions III
Ed Sessions III subscriber

" What if Facebook Gave Us an Opposing-Viewpoints Button?"

OK. I agree. Now, why don't the WSJ Powers That Be, Give Us Peasants A Thumbs Down Button? This Way We Can Thumbs Down The Few Extreme Far Left Things That Hang Out On The Corner Of WSJ & Down Jones. 

Robert Coppersmith
Robert Coppersmith subscriber

Absolutely fascinating.  I followed some of the links on both sides.  While slanted and omitting some facts, I found no outright BS posts on the Blue sides ,even some rather innocuous seeming posts.  However, if you drill down on the red side, 20-25% of what the headlines purport as "truth"  really isn't truth.  Love to see a ""Politifact" type fact-checking feed in the middle--perhaps with the left critiquing the Red side and the Right critiquing what is said on the blue side. .

james benning
james benning subscriber

what is the big deal if Facebook tilts left?

ALL media outlets are biased one way or the other.

Don't like it? Look at a different outlet.

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