Hillary Clinton

Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (b. October 26, 1947, in Chicago, Illinois) served as the Secretary of State of the United States of America from 2009-2013. She is also a former Democratic member of the U.S. Senate from the state of New York. Clinton served in the Senate from 2001-2009. She was the first former first lady to serve in the U.S. Senate and in a president's cabinet.^[1]

Clinton's campaign chairman, John Podesta, announced on April 12, 2015, that she is running for President of the United States in 2016.^[2] She officially clinched the Democratic nomination for president at the 2016 Democratic National Convention on July 26, 2016.

Clinton is the wife of former President Bill Clinton and served as the first lady during President Clinton's two terms. She also ran in the Democratic presidential primary in 2008 against Barack Obama.^[3]

Biography

Born in Chicago, Illinois, Clinton attended Maine East High School until being redistricted during her senior year to Maine South High School.^[4] She went on to earn a degree from Wellesley College before attaining a J.D. from Yale Law School. She met future husband Bill Clinton at Yale.^[3]

As a high schooler, Clinton was an active Republican, even campaigning for Barry Goldwater in 1964. After her first year at Wellesley, she changed her views and became a Democrat.^[5] She stayed politically active throughout her college years, working for Walter Mondale and George McGovern's presidential campaign.^[3]

Career

Below is an abbreviated outline of Clinton's academic, professional and political career:^[3]

• 1969: Graduated from Wellesley College
• 1973: Earned J.D. from Yale Law School
• 1973-1974: Attorney for the Children's Defense Fund
• 1974: Member of the presidential impeachment inquiry staff during the Watergate Scandal
• 1974-1977: Director of Legal Aid Clinic and Assistant Professor at the University of Arkansas School of Law
• 1976-1979: Attorney at Rose Law Firm
• 1978: Member of board of directors of Legal Services Corp.
• 1979-1980: Assistant Professor at the University of Arkansas School of Law
• 1979-1992: Partner at Rose Law Firm
• 1979: Chairperson of the Rural Health Advisory Committee
• 1983: Director of the Arkansas Education Standards Committee
• 1992-2001: First lady of the United States
• 1993: Leader of Task Force on National Healthcare Reform
• 2001-2009: United States Senator from New York
• 2003: Author of "Living History"
• 2007: Presidential candidate for 2008 Democratic primary
• 2008: Suspended presidential campaign
• 2009-2013: U.S. Secretary of State

Secretary of state

President Barack Obama nominated Clinton as secretary of state on December 1, 2008. "Hillary's appointment is a sign to friend and foe of the seriousness of my commitment to renew American diplomacy and restore our alliances," Obama said during a press conference to announce his national security team.^[6]

On January 1, 2009, Clinton was confirmed by the Senate in a 94-2 vote. Sens. Jim DeMint (R-S.C.) and David Vitter (R-La.) voted against her confirmation.^[7]

Hillary Rodham Clinton confirmation vote, January 21, 2009
Party	Votes for a	Votes against d	Total votes
Democrats	53	0	53
Republicans	39	2	41
Independents	0	0	0
Total Votes	92	2	94

Issues

For a full profile on Clinton's policy positions, please see: Hillary Clinton presidential campaign, 2016

U.S. Senator

Legislative action

Troubled Asset Relief Program

Clinton voted in support of HR 1424 - Financial Asset Purchase Authority and Tax Law Amendments. The bill passed the Senate on October 1, 2008, by a vote of 74-25. The bill authorized the formation of the Troubled Asset Relief Program for the Treasury Secretary to buy troubled assets from financial institutions. Voting was split in both parties.^[8]

Secure Fence Act

Clinton voted in support of HR 6061 - Secure Fence Act of 2006. The bill passed on September 29, 2006, by a vote of 80-19. The bill authorized the construction of 700 miles of additional fencing along the United States-Mexico border. The Democratic Party split on the vote.^[9]

Iraq War

Clinton voted in support of HJ Res 114 - Use of Military Force Against Iraq. The resolution passed on October 11, 2002, by a vote of 77-23. The resolution authorized the use of the United States military against Iraq. The Democratic Party split on the vote.^[10]

No Child Left Behind

Clinton voted in support of HR 1 - No Child Left Behind Act. The bill passed on December 18, 2001, by a vote of 87-10. The bill implemented annual testing of students and cut funding to schools that achieved sub-standard test results. The bill was largely supported by both parties.^[11]

Patriot Act

Clinton voted in support of HR 3162 - USA Patriot Act of 2001. The bill passed on October 25, 2001, by a vote of 98-1. The bill allowed law enforcement more authority in searching homes, tapping phone lines and tracking internet information while searching for suspected terrorists.^[12]

First lady of the United States

Task Force on National Health Reform

Clinton was chosen by her husband, President Bill Clinton, to lead the Task Force on National Health Reform following his inauguration in 1993. She worked with, among others, the secretaries of Health and Human Services, Defense, Treasury, Commerce and Veteran Affairs to shape a universal healthcare plan for America.^[13] In September 1993, President Clinton gave a speech on the healthcare plan to Congress, which faced immediate criticism from Republicans and the healthcare industry.^[14] The 1,342 page plan was not released until late October, and in the following months, the plan continued to lose support. The healthcare industry released an ad campaign called "Harry and Louise," which criticized the proposal and focused on the increased bureaucracy and mandates of the bill. The bill underwent many changes during its time in multiple committees, and there was little support left when it went to the Senate floor in July 1994.^[15] In September 1994, Senate Majority Leader George J. Mitchell declared the bill dead. Opponents referred to it and similar proposals as "Hillarycare" for years following its failure. In the midterm election that followed, Democrats lost control in both the House and the Senate.^[16]

On The Issues Vote Match

See also: On The Issues Vote Match

On The Issues conducts a VoteMatch analysis of elected officials based on 20 issue areas. Rather than relying on incumbents to complete the quiz themselves, the VoteMatch analysis is conducted using voting records, statements to the media, debate transcripts, or citations from books authored by or about the candidate.^[17]

The table below contains the results of analysis compiled by staff at On The Issues.

On The Issues Vote Quiz[18]
Economic Issues		Social Issues
Issue	Stance	Issue	Stance
Legally require hiring women & minorities	Strongly Favors	Abortion is a woman's unrestricted right	Strongly Favors
Expand Obamacare	Strongly Favors	Comfortable with same-sex marriage	Strongly Favors
Vouchers for school choice	Strongly Opposes	Keep God in the public sphere	Unknown
Absolute right to gun ownership	Strongly Opposes	No "rights" to clean air and water	Strongly Opposes
Higher taxes on the wealthy	Strongly Favors	Stricter punishment reduces crime	Opposes
Support & expand free trade	Favors	Pathway to citizenship for illegal aliens	Favors
More enforcement of the right to vote	Strongly Favors	Maintain U.S. sovereignty from UN	Opposes
Prioritize green energy	Strongly Favors	Expand the military	Opposes
Stimulus better than market-led recovery	Strongly Favors	Stay out of Iran	Favors
Privatize Social Security	Strongly Opposes	Never legalize marijuana	Opposes
Note: Information last updated: May 20, 2015.[17] If you notice the rating has changed, email us.

Elections

2016

Presidency

See also: Hillary Clinton presidential campaign, 2016 and Presidential election, 2016

Clinton was defeated by Donald Trump in the 2016 general election.

2008

Presidency

Clinton ran for the Democratic presidential nomination but was defeated by Barack Obama, who went on to win the 2008 presidential race.^[19]

2006

Senate

On November 7, 2006, Hillary Clinton won re-election to the United States Senate. She defeated John Spencer (R), Howie Hawkins (G), Jeffrey T. Russell (L), Roger Calero (Socialist Workers) and William Van Auken (Socialist Equality) in the general election.^[20]

U.S. Senate, New York General Election, 2006
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Hillary Clinton incumbent	64%	3,008,428
	Republican	John Spencer	29.6%	1,392,189
	Green	Howie Hawkins	1.2%	55,469
	Libertarian	Jeffrey T. Russell	0.4%	20,996
	Socialist Workers	Roger Calero	0.1%	6,967
	Socialist Equality	William Van Auken	0.1%	6,004
	N/A	Blank/Scattering	4.5%	210,579
Total Votes				4,700,632

2000

Senate

On November 7, 2000, Hillary Clinton won election to the United States Senate. She defeated Rick Lazio (R), Mark J. Dunau (G), Jeffrey E. Graham (Independence), John O. Adefope (Right to Life), John Clifton (L), Louis P. Wein (Constitution) and Jacob J. Perasso (Socialist Workers) in the general election.^[21]

U.S. Senate, New York General Election, 2000
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Hillary Clinton	53.8%	3,747,310
	Republican	Rick Lazio	41.9%	2,915,730
	Green	Mark J. Dunau	0.6%	40,991
	Independence	Jeffrey E. Graham	0.6%	43,181
	Right to Life	John O. Adefope	0.3%	21,439
	Libertarian	John Clifton	0.1%	4,734
	Constitution	Louis P. Wein	0%	3,414
	Socialist Workers	Jacob J. Perasso	0%	3,040
	N/A	Blank/Scattering	2.6%	179,823
Total Votes				6,959,662

Campaign donors

Note: The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may represent only a portion of all the funds spent on their behalf.
Why is that? While candidates and parties must file detailed expenditure reports, independent organizations and unions are not required to file reports in every case. Outside groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer.

Comprehensive donor information for Clinton is available dating back to 2000. Based on available campaign finance records, Clinton raised a total of $83,177,405 during that time period. This information was last updated on September 20, 2013.^[22][23]

Hillary Clinton Campaign Contribution History
Year	Office	Result	Contributions
2006	U.S. Senate (New York)		$51,567,732
2000	U.S. Senate (New York)		$31,609,673
Grand Total Raised			$83,177,405

2006

Clinton won election to the U.S. Senate in 2006. During that election cycle, Clinton's campaign committee raised a total of $51,567,723 and spent $40,828,991.^[24]

Cost per vote

Clinton spent $13.57 per vote received in 2006.

United States Senate, 2006 - Hillary Clinton Campaign Contributions
Total Raised	$51,567,723
Total Spent	$40,828,991
Total Raised by General Election Opponent	$5,849,610
Total Spent by General Election Opponent	$5,660,688
Top contributors to Hillary Clinton's campaign committee
Citigroup Inc	$236,610
Goldman Sachs	$205,670
MetLife Inc	$156,060
Time Warner	$146,390
Corning Inc	$135,750
Top 5 industries that contributed to campaign committee
Lawyers/Law Firms	$4,307,478
Securities & Investment	$2,744,933
Real Estate	$2,308,936
Retired	$2,085,759
TV/Movies/Music	$1,356,273

Analysis

Department budget

U.S. Department of State[25] Annual Budget
Year	Budget (in billions)	% Difference from previous year
2012	$50.9	9.94%
2011	$46.3	-0.43%
2010	$46.5	-11.6%
2009	$52.6	N/A

• Note: 2014 only represents the Department's budget request, not an enacted budget.

Ideology and leadership

See also: GovTrack's Political Spectrum & Legislative Leadership ranking

2009

Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship by GovTrack, Clinton was a "rank-and-file Democrat" as a senator.^[26]

Net worth

See also: Changes in Net Worth of U.S. Senators and Representatives (Personal Gain Index) and Net worth of United States Senators and Representatives

2011

Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets.org, Clinton's net worth as of 2011 was estimated between $5,710,008.00 and $26,551,000.00. That averages to $16,130,504.00, which ranked sixth among members of the executive branch. Her average calculated net worth^[27] decreased by 48.3 percent from 2010.^[28]

2010

Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets.org, Clinton's net worth as of 2010 was estimated between $10,740,011.00 and $51,654,000.00. That averages to $31,197,005.50, which ranked fifth among members of the executive branch.^[29]

Personal

Clinton is married to former U.S. President Bill Clinton. They have one daughter, Chelsea.

Recent news

This section displays the most recent stories in a google news search for the term Hillary + Clinton

See also

• John Kerry
• U.S. Department of State
• Presidential election, 2016

External links

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• Column archive at The Guardian
• Column archive at The Huffington Post

Footnotes

Political offices
Preceded by Condoleeza Rice	U.S. Secretary of State 2009-2013	Succeeded by John Kerry
Preceded by Daniel Patrick Moynihan	U.S. Senate - New York 2001-2009	Succeeded by Kirsten Gillibrand
Preceded by Barbara Bush	First lady of the United States 1993-2001	Succeeded by Laura Bush

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v • e Hillary Clinton Overviews Hillary Clinton • Hillary Clinton presidential campaign, 2016 Family Husband: Former President Bill Clinton • Daughter: Chelsea Clinton • Clinton Foundation Career "Hillarycare" • Tenure as U.S. senator • Tenure as secretary of state • Benghazi • Hillary Clinton email investigation Clinton and the media The media's coverage of Hillary Clinton Campaign staff Campaign manager: Robby Mook • Campaign chairman: John Podesta • Vice chair: Huma Abedin • Senior policy advisors: Jake Sullivan, Maya Harris • Political director: Amanda Renteria • Communications director: Jennifer Palmieri • Media advisor: Jim Margolis • Chief strategist and pollster: Joel Benenson • African American outreach director: LaDavia Drane • Director of state campaigns and political engagement: Marlon Marshall On the issues Campaign preparation • Taxes • Banking policy • Government regulations • International trade • Budgets • Federal assistance programs • Labor and employment • Foreign affairs • Federalism • Energy and environmental policy • Healthcare • Immigration • Education • Abortion • Gay rights • Civil liberties • Character • Communications • Political and leadership attributes

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