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In the related questions Can you take a bath on Mars? & How would swimming on Mars feel, given the lower gravity? we learn that bathing and swimming on Mars is much like it is on Earth. Some comments on those questions suggest that if the pool is exposed to Martian atmosphere it would boil away quickly. What would really happen if your swimming pool or fish pond was suddenly exposed to Martian atmosphere?

Some comments suggest the pool magically appears and boils away, but here is a realistic scenario.

A swimming pool (Olympic size) or fish pond is full of water {25–28 °C (77–82 °F)} and covered by an inflatable dome that keeps Earth atmosphere over the pool. A event occurs: which cuts off power to heat and circulate the water, and the dome is torn badly or complete removed. What happens to the pool now?

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The Martian atmosphere is about as dense as the Earth's atmosphere at 70,000 feet. – Howard Miller 5 hours ago

The pressure on the surface of Mars according to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Mars is

The atmospheric pressure on the Martian surface averages 600 pascals (0.087 psi; 6.0 mbar), about 0.6% of Earth's mean sea level pressure of 101.3 kilopascals (14.69 psi; 1.013 bar).

This chart http://www.engineersedge.com/h2o_boil_pressure.htm seems to indicate that the 77F water would be above its boiling point by more than 75F (the granularity of the chart does not give more info).

This would result in a (perhaps explosive) boiling of the pool until it had released enough energy to be below its boiling point in the 6F to -24F range. At this point the remaining water may freeze and sublimate in the future.

BUT, according to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars the surface of Mars is between -226F and 95F, so depending on conditions the pool may never cool below its boiling point, and all of it simply evaporates.

Edit @Dean MacGregor correctly points out that at 600Pa water will never be a stable liquid, so the final result (after 'explosive' boiling) will eventually be that all the water evaporates, or a portion boils off, allowing the remainder to cool to ice, which may or may not sublimate. All depending largely on the temperature of this particular part of Mars

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Here's a phase diagram of water.

enter image description here

If you find Mars's atmosphere of 600Pa on the Y-axis and track right you'll see that H20 can't be water on Mars. It can only be ice or vapor.

In your example where you have a dome of Earth like atmosphere protecting your Martian pool that blows away somehow then you'll either have a skating rink or an empty hole but no water. Going by the average Martian temperature you'd have a skating rink but once the temperature exceeds the sublimation point all your H2O would turn to vapor and that'd be the end of it.

Edit:

The other answer asserts that it would first boil and perhaps there'd be some H20 left as ice after some of it boiled off. I suppose this depends on the exact circumstances of losing the dome. The way OP asks the question, it seems that first heat is lost and then the dome goes away. If the water has already cooled to below the sublimation point before the pressure drop occurs then there's no need for it to boil. If everything is working fine and then the dome flies away while the ambient temperature is above boiling temperature then clearly it would boil off. However, if the ambient temperature is below sublimation when the dome is lost I don't think it is clear that the water would boil rather than freeze. The very act of decompressing would cool the water so we can't simply say that the pressure can drop faster than the water cools because the pressure dropping speeds the cooling.

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The other answer made the point that when the dome rips, the water will be at 25 Celsius, so it will boil until it drops to it's freezing point, which seems to be right at the triple point there at 600 Pa and 0 Celsiuis. – kim holder 9 hours ago
    
@kimholder well the other answer makes the assumption that the dome blows away while the ambient temperature is above the sublimation point which, based on the mean, isn't likely. Further, until the edit, it didn't explicitly say that the pool couldn't remain as water which wasn't clear to me until I looked up the phase diagram. – Dean MacGregor 6 hours ago
    
That's a legitimate point. I interpreted that as meaning the water doesn't continue to be heated. – kim holder 6 hours ago

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