Timpani
 Seorang pemain timpani sedang bekerja
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| perkusi | |
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| Nama lain | Kettle drum, Timp, Pauken |
| Klasifikasi Hornbostel-Sachs | 211.11-922 (Membranofon pukul dengan membran yang disusun dengan pelek) |
| Dikembangkan | abad ke-12 dari naker Arab |
| Rentangan permainan | |
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Rangkaian ukuran individual[1] |
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| Instrumen terkait | |
Timpani (/ˈtɪmpəni/;[2] pengucapan bahasa Italia: [ˈtimpani]), atau kettledrum (juga secara informal disebut timp),[2] adalah alat musik dalam keluarga perkusi. Sejenis drum, alat musik tersebut terdiri dari sebuah kulit yang disebut sebagai kepala yang dipakaikan di atas sebuah mangkok besar yang secara tradisional terbuat dari tembaga. Alat musik tersebut dimainkan dengan cara memukul kepalanya dengan stik drum khusus yang disebut stik timpani atau timpani mallet
Daftar isi
Etimologi dan pengucapan alternatf[sunting | sunting sumber]
Pertama kali disebutkan dalam bahasa Inggris pada akhir abad ke-19, kata Italia timpani berasal dari kata Latin tympanum (pl. tympana), yang merupakan latinisasi dari kata Yunani τύμπανον (tumpanon, pl. tumpana) yang artinya "drum tangan",[3]
Kata Jerman untuk timpani adalah Pauken; kata Perancis dan Spanyol-nya adalah timbales.
Lihat pula[sunting | sunting sumber]
Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]
- ^ Samuel Z. Solomon, "How to Write for Percussion", pp. 65–66. Published by the author, 2002. ISBN 0-9744721-0-7
- ^ a b definition of timpani in the Oxford Learner's Dictionaries
- ^ τύμπανον, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
Bacaan tambahan[sunting | sunting sumber]
- Adler, Samuel. The Study of Orchestration. W. W. Norton & Company, 3rd edition, 2002. ISBN 0-393-97572-X
- Del Mar, Norman. Anatomy of the Orchestra. University of California Press, 1984. ISBN 0-520-05062-2
- Ferrell, Robert G. "Percussion in Medieval and Renaissance Dance Music: Theory and Performance". 1997. Diakses pada 22 Februari 2006.
- Montagu, Jeremy. Timpani & Percussion. Yale University Press, 2002. ISBN 0-300-09337-3
- Peters, Mitchell. Fundamental Method for Timpani. Alfred Publishing Co., 1993. ISBN 0-7390-2051-X
- Solomon, Samuel Z. How to Write for Percussion. Published by the author, 2002. ISBN 0-9744721-0-7
- Thomas, Dwight. Timpani: Frequently Asked Questions. Retrieved February 4, 2005.
- Zoutendijk, Marc. Letters to Flamurai. February 8, 2005.
- "Credits: Beatles for Sale". Allmusic. Retrieved February 18, 2005.
- "Credits: A Love Supreme". Allmusic. Retrieved February 18, 2005.
- "Credits: Tubular Bells". Allmusic. Retrieved February 18, 2005.
- "Kettledrum". 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica as retrieved from [1] on February 26, 2006.
- "William Kraft Biography". Composer John Beal. Retrieved May 21, 2006.
- "Timpanist – Musician or Technician?". Cloyd E. Duff, Principal Timpani – retired – Cleveland Orchestra.
- "Timpani" Grove, George (January 2001). Stanley Sadie, ed. The New Grove Encyclopædia of Music and Musicians (2nd ed.). Grove's Dictionaries of Music. Volume 18, pp826–837. ISBN 1-56159-239-0.
Pranala luar[sunting | sunting sumber]
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Lihat informasi mengenai timpani di Wiktionary. |
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Wikimedia Commons memiliki galeri mengenai: |
- Timpani FAQ by Dwight Thomas, Principal Timpanist, Omaha Symphony
- Timpani picture album featuring antique instruments and those in the collection of the RCO
- Gallery of historical artwork featuring timpani
- Videos of Tim Genis, Principal Timpanist of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, demonstrating his line of timpani mallets by performing excerpts from orchestral repertoire
- Video of Stuart Marrs, chairman of the University of Maine music department, performing the March from Eight Pieces for Four Timpani
- The Well-Tempered Timpani—Timpani harmonics information
- Website of Guido Rückel, solo-timpanist of Munich Philharmonic; many timpani pictures
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Kettledrum". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
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