axis

See also: Axis and áxis

English

Pronunciation

• (UK, US) IPA^(key): /ˈæksɪs/
• (Australia) IPA^(key): /ˈæksəs/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ax‧is

Etymology 1

From Latin axis ‎(“axle, axis”).

Noun

axis ‎(plural axes)

1. (geometry) An imaginary line around which an object spins (an axis of rotation) or is symmetrically arranged (an axis of symmetry).
   • 2012 March 1, Henry Petroski, “Opening Doors”, in American Scientist^[1], volume 100, number 2, page 112-3:

     A doorknob of whatever roundish shape is effectively a continuum of levers, with the axis of the latching mechanism—known as the spindle—being the fulcrum about which the turning takes place.

   The Earth rotates once a day on its axis

2. (mathematics) A fixed one-dimensional figure, such as a line or arc, with an origin and orientation and such that its points are in one-to-one correspondence with a set of numbers; an axis forms part of the basis of a space or is used to position and locate data in a graph (a coordinate axis)
3. (anatomy) The second cervical vertebra of the spine
4. (psychiatry) A form of classification and descriptions of mental disorders or disabilities used in manuals such as the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)
5. (botany) The main stem or central part about which organs or plant parts such as branches are arranged

Synonyms

• (cervical vertebra): epistropheus

Coordinate terms

• (cervical vertebra): atlas

Derived terms

terms derived from axis

axis of evil axis of rotation axis of symmetry coordinate axis imaginary axis major axis minor axis

real axis semi-major axis semi-minor axis x-axis y-axis z-axis

Related terms

• axial, axially
• axile

Translations

geometry: imaginary line

• Arabic: مِحْوَر m ‎(miḥwar)
• Armenian: առանցք (hy) ‎(aṙancʿkʿ)
• Asturian: exa (ast) f
• Azeri: mehvər, ox (az)
• Belarusian: вось f ‎(vosʹ)
• Bulgarian: ос (bg) ‎(os)
• Catalan: eix (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 軸 (zh), 轴 (zh) ‎(zhóu)

• Czech: osa (cs) f
• Danish: akse (da) c
• Dutch: as (nl)
• Esperanto: akso
• Estonian: telg
• Faroese: ásur m
• Finnish: akseli (fi)
• French: axe (fr) m
• Galician: eixe (gl) m
• Georgian: ღერძი ‎(ɣerʒi)
• German: Achse (de) f
• Gothic: 𐌰𐌷𐍃𐌰 f ‎(ahsa)
• Greek: άξονας (el) m ‎(áxonas)
• Hebrew: ציר (he) m ‎(tzyr)
• Hindi: धुरी (hi) f ‎(dhurī), अक्ष (hi) m ‎(akṣ)
• Hungarian: tengely (hu)
• Icelandic: ás (is) m, möndull (is)
• Ido: axo (io)
• Inuktitut: ᓈᓴᐅᑎᖃᕐᕕᒃ ‎(naasautiqarvik)
• Italian: asse (it) m
• Japanese: 軸 (ja) ‎(じく, jiku)
• Khmer: អ័ក្ស (km) ‎(ak)
• Korean: 축 (ko) ‎(chuk)

• Lao: ແກນ (lo) ‎(kǣn)
• Latvian: ass (lv) f
• Lithuanian: ašis m
• Macedonian: о́ска f ‎(óska)
• Malay: paksi
• Malayalam: അച്ചുതണ്ട് (ml) ‎(accutaṇṭ)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: akse (no) m

  Nynorsk: akse m

• Occitan: axe (oc) m
• Persian: محور (fa) ‎(mehvar), آسه (fa) ‎(âse)
• Polish: oś (pl) f
• Portuguese: eixo (pt) m
• Romanian: axă (ro) f
• Russian: ось (ru) f ‎(osʹ)
• Sanskrit: अक्ष (sa) m ‎(akṣa)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: оса f, ос f

  Roman: osa (sh) f, os (sh) f

• Slovak: os (sk) f
• Slovene: os (sl) f
• Spanish: eje (es) m
• Swedish: axel (sv) c
• Tagalog: taluhog
• Telugu: అక్షము (te) ‎(akṣamu)
• Thai: แกน (th) ‎(gɛɛn)
• Turkish: eksen (tr)
• Ukrainian: вісь f ‎(visʹ)
• Uzbek: oʻq (uz)
• Vietnamese: trục (vi)
• West Frisian: as
• Yiddish: אַקס f ‎(aks)

basis of space or part of graph

• Armenian: առանցք (hy) ‎(aṙancʿkʿ)
• Bulgarian: ос (bg) ‎(os)
• Czech: osa (cs) f
• Dutch: as (nl)
• Esperanto: akso
• Estonian: telg
• Faroese: ásur m
• Finnish: akseli (fi)
• French: axe (fr) m
• Georgian: ღერძი ‎(ɣerʒi)
• German: Achse (de) f
• Greek: άξονας (el) m ‎(áxonas)
• Hebrew: ציר (he) m ‎(tzyr)
• Icelandic: ás (is) m
• Italian: asse (it) m
• Khmer: អ័ក្ស (km) ‎(ak)
• Latvian: ass (lv) f
• Macedonian: оска f ‎(óska)
• Malay: paksi

• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: akse (no) m

  Nynorsk: akse m

• Polish: oś (pl) f
• Portuguese: eixo (pt) m
• Russian: ось (ru) f ‎(osʹ)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: оса f, oсoвинa f

  Roman: osa (sh) f, osovina (sh) f

• Slovak: os (sk) f
• Slovene: os (sl) f
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: wós f

  Upper Sorbian: wóska f

• Spanish: eje (es) m
• Swedish: axel (sv) c
• Telugu: అక్షము (te) ‎(akṣamu)
• Turkish: eksen (tr)
• West Frisian: as

second cervical vertebra

• Catalan: axis (ca) m
• Czech: čepovec m, axis (cs) m
• Dutch: draaier (nl) m
• Faroese: navarsgeisli m
• Finnish: kiertonikama (fi), aksis (fi)
• Greek: άξονας (el) m ‎(áxonas), επιστροφεύς m ‎(epistroféfs)

• Ido: axoido (io)
• Italian: epistrofeo m
• Khmer: អ័ក្ស (km) ‎(ak)
• Malay: tulang paksi, epistrofeus
• Portuguese: áxis m
• Spanish: axis m

Etymology 2

From Latin, name of an Indian animal mentioned by the Roman senator Pliny.

Noun

axis ‎(plural axises)

1. Axis axis, a deer native to Asia.

Synonyms

• (Axis axis): chital, cheetal, chital deer, spotted deer, axis deer

See also

• Chital on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Axis axis on Wikispecies.Wikispecies

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱs- ‎(“axis”); see also Lithuanian ašis ‎(“axle”), Sanskrit अक्ष ‎(akṣa, “axle, axis, balance beam”), Ancient Greek ἄξων ‎(áxōn, “axle”), Old High German ahsa ‎(“axle”), and Old English eax, English axle, eax, Icelandic öxull, öksull.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈak.sis/, [ˈak.sɪs]

Noun

axis m ‎(genitive axis); third declension

1. An axletree, wagon, car, chariot.
2. The North Pole.
3. The heavens or a region or clime of these.
4. A board, plank.

Inflection

Third declension i-stem.

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	axis	axēs
genitive	axis	axium
dative	axī	axibus
accusative	axem	axēs
ablative	axe	axibus
vocative	axis	axēs

Derived terms

• āla
• assula
• axilla

Descendants

• Asturian: exa, exe, ex
• Catalan: eix
• English: axis
• French: ais, axe
• Friulian: as
• Galician: eixe, eixo

• Italian: asse
• Occitan: ais, èish
• Portuguese: eixo
• Romanian: ax, axă
• Spanish: eje
• Venetian: ase

References

• axis in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• axis in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• AXIS in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• Félix Gaffiot (1934), Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Paris: Hachette, s.v. “axis”.
• Meissner, Carl; Auden, Henry William (1894) Latin Phrase-Book^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the pole: vertex caeli, axis caeli, cardo caeli
    
• axis in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• axis in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• Langenscheidt Pocket Latin Dictionary