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“Skipper” is the sixth and final episode of Red Dwarf XII. Rimmer is doing paperwork before Cat distracts him, until the latter manages to dist6ract himself with his own reflection in his pocket mirror. Then Kryten and Lister arrive; it seems they have…
#SF #ScienceFiction #RedDwarf #RedDwarfXII
http://tvsciencefiction.com/red-dwarf-xii-skipper/
#SF #ScienceFiction #RedDwarf #RedDwarfXII
http://tvsciencefiction.com/red-dwarf-xii-skipper/
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MY RED KACHINA – BOW BAN – The Star-Station is coming from the spirit world into this world the physical
.
GREAT WHITE BROTHERHOOD
STAR SYSTEM
CROSSING X
MERGE
.
BOW BAN
The chemical canvas can only cover for so long, the NI.BIRU star-system and the other planetary bodies are being revealed.
NIBIRU is bending time and light
NI.BIRU there are many other names for this Star-Station, this is the chosen chariot of a group of Supreme Beings, who are also Guardians and Providers of many Soul-ar systems.
NI.BIRU is a cube that whence is in motion the Star-Station revolves and rotates, and creates an orb, giving the impression of a globe or planet structure.
The word NI.BIRU is from the ancient Sumerians as found in the Chaldean, Accadian, Aramic and Ashuric as NA.BARA Nabara to raise, to elevate, to go up.
The Star-Station(s) is coming from another dimension, the spiritual dimension, for NIBIRU is a spiritual craft and is stripping this dimension down and upgrading it to theirs in order to meet the requirements, number9, in physical appearance the composition of NI.BIRU is; antenna at the top, 1 of 4 stones, Sapphire, Ruby, Emerald, Diamond, placed at the top part of the craft, Solar panels the size of pin heads, top and bottom
4 magnetic force areas (they look like panels) the panels are in the middle part of the craft with the Emerald stone in the centre, in the middle that rounds around the cube is a magnetic conductor, hologram beam at the base.
Jupiter sized+, cloaking device, crystal top frame, then middle splits and the bottom also has a crystal frame+
Travels at light-speed.
The Star-Station is emitting a pulse you feel, sense the Soul Master, not through sight, the human-eye-sight, the inner minds eye.
NI.BIRU does have an environment, only those genetically calibrated for transformation and transfiguration will be transported there.
NI.BIRU is multi-dimensional, holographic, cubed, Tetrahedron, Metatron, Mir (pyramid) shaped Star-Station, they can form any shape within their sacred geometry that they brought with them.
There are more than one NI.BIRU(s), 6-8 satellites also shadow the main Star-Station.
Also known by;
#PlanetoftheCrossing
#PlanetX
#RedDwarf
#NIBIRU
#BlueKachina
#RedKachina
#Nabara
#Hercolubus
#Nemesis
#Destroyer
#Regulator
#Merkabah chosen vehicle of the elite
#NEBTHET
#NEBTHERU
#MURDOQ
#REDDRAGON
#Neberu
#Menberu
#NBERU (Throne)
More+
There are many names of the same source, reflecting the different time periods, different interpretations from the different cultures and civilisations that recorded and interacted with the Supreme Beings.
Since the Star-Stations reintroduction to this Soular System, that is named the Draco System, they have been guided in by the 144,000+ souls who are managing the Star-Stations final approach, there are no crews members sitting at the forefront or captains log of NIBIRU.
They have been in and out of time zones, realms, expanses since they got here.
These are entities, spiritual masters, ether-beings, nin9 level, the highest number in the universe, they are (God) level status, they are not here to serve us, we go to source.
The Star-Station is coming from the spirit world into this world the physical.
The craft emits a pulse, a frequency, yes we can see the StarStation, for a minute, the dimensions of this world have been upgrading, some at a different rate depending on which four corners of this world.
The upgrading is being done to match their dimensions, the upgrade applies to you, you do not use your human eyes to see NIBIRU, and at any rate you they are emitting a pulse, frequency, tune-in and drop out, inner-eye meets red-eye.
We are involved in a soul evolution its not a revolution, we have been here before, all is merging into one.
The Red Dragon sits in the horizon and surveys all, the Star-Station is right there, close eye.
.
”UNKNOWN”
.
https://outofthisworldx.wordpress.com/2017/11/20/my-red-kachina-bow-ban-the-star-station-is-coming-from-the-spirit-world-into-this-world-the-physical/
.
GREAT WHITE BROTHERHOOD
STAR SYSTEM
CROSSING X
MERGE
.
BOW BAN
The chemical canvas can only cover for so long, the NI.BIRU star-system and the other planetary bodies are being revealed.
NIBIRU is bending time and light
NI.BIRU there are many other names for this Star-Station, this is the chosen chariot of a group of Supreme Beings, who are also Guardians and Providers of many Soul-ar systems.
NI.BIRU is a cube that whence is in motion the Star-Station revolves and rotates, and creates an orb, giving the impression of a globe or planet structure.
The word NI.BIRU is from the ancient Sumerians as found in the Chaldean, Accadian, Aramic and Ashuric as NA.BARA Nabara to raise, to elevate, to go up.
The Star-Station(s) is coming from another dimension, the spiritual dimension, for NIBIRU is a spiritual craft and is stripping this dimension down and upgrading it to theirs in order to meet the requirements, number9, in physical appearance the composition of NI.BIRU is; antenna at the top, 1 of 4 stones, Sapphire, Ruby, Emerald, Diamond, placed at the top part of the craft, Solar panels the size of pin heads, top and bottom
4 magnetic force areas (they look like panels) the panels are in the middle part of the craft with the Emerald stone in the centre, in the middle that rounds around the cube is a magnetic conductor, hologram beam at the base.
Jupiter sized+, cloaking device, crystal top frame, then middle splits and the bottom also has a crystal frame+
Travels at light-speed.
The Star-Station is emitting a pulse you feel, sense the Soul Master, not through sight, the human-eye-sight, the inner minds eye.
NI.BIRU does have an environment, only those genetically calibrated for transformation and transfiguration will be transported there.
NI.BIRU is multi-dimensional, holographic, cubed, Tetrahedron, Metatron, Mir (pyramid) shaped Star-Station, they can form any shape within their sacred geometry that they brought with them.
There are more than one NI.BIRU(s), 6-8 satellites also shadow the main Star-Station.
Also known by;
#PlanetoftheCrossing
#PlanetX
#RedDwarf
#NIBIRU
#BlueKachina
#RedKachina
#Nabara
#Hercolubus
#Nemesis
#Destroyer
#Regulator
#Merkabah chosen vehicle of the elite
#NEBTHET
#NEBTHERU
#MURDOQ
#REDDRAGON
#Neberu
#Menberu
#NBERU (Throne)
More+
There are many names of the same source, reflecting the different time periods, different interpretations from the different cultures and civilisations that recorded and interacted with the Supreme Beings.
Since the Star-Stations reintroduction to this Soular System, that is named the Draco System, they have been guided in by the 144,000+ souls who are managing the Star-Stations final approach, there are no crews members sitting at the forefront or captains log of NIBIRU.
They have been in and out of time zones, realms, expanses since they got here.
These are entities, spiritual masters, ether-beings, nin9 level, the highest number in the universe, they are (God) level status, they are not here to serve us, we go to source.
The Star-Station is coming from the spirit world into this world the physical.
The craft emits a pulse, a frequency, yes we can see the StarStation, for a minute, the dimensions of this world have been upgrading, some at a different rate depending on which four corners of this world.
The upgrading is being done to match their dimensions, the upgrade applies to you, you do not use your human eyes to see NIBIRU, and at any rate you they are emitting a pulse, frequency, tune-in and drop out, inner-eye meets red-eye.
We are involved in a soul evolution its not a revolution, we have been here before, all is merging into one.
The Red Dragon sits in the horizon and surveys all, the Star-Station is right there, close eye.
.
”UNKNOWN”
.
https://outofthisworldx.wordpress.com/2017/11/20/my-red-kachina-bow-ban-the-star-station-is-coming-from-the-spirit-world-into-this-world-the-physical/
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“M-Corp” is episode five of Red Dwarf XII. Lister is asleep in his quarters when Kryten comes in singing Happy Birthday. Kryten tells Lister that it’s the big one. Lister, after his guesses of 30 and 40 years old prove wrong, doesn’t want to hear any…
#SF #ScienceFiction #RedDwarf #RedDwarfXII
http://tvsciencefiction.com/red-dwarf-xii-m-corp/
#SF #ScienceFiction #RedDwarf #RedDwarfXII
http://tvsciencefiction.com/red-dwarf-xii-m-corp/
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Post has attachment
#NIBIRU
The chemical canvas can only cover for so long, the NI.BIRU star-system and the other planetary bodies are being revealed.
NIBIRU is bending time and light
NI.BIRU there are many other names for this Star-Station, this is the chosen chariot of a group of Supreme Beings, who are also Guardians and Providers of many Soul-ar systems.
NI.BIRU is a cube that whence is in motion the Star-Station revolves and rotates, and creates an orb, giving the impression of a globe or planet structure.
The word NI.BIRU is from the ancient Sumerians as found in the Chaldean, Accadian, Aramic and Ashuric as NA.BARA Nabara to raise, to elevate, to go up.
The Star-Station(s) is coming from another dimension, the spiritual dimension, for NIBIRU is a spiritual craft and is stripping this dimension down and upgrading it to theirs in order to meet the requirements, number9, in physical appearance the composition of NI.BIRU is; antenna at the top, 1 of 4 stones, Sapphire, Ruby, Emerald, Diamond, placed at the top part of the craft, Solar panels the size of pin heads, top and bottom
4 magnetic force areas (they look like panels) the panels are in the middle part of the craft with the Emerald stone in the centre, in the middle that rounds around the cube is a magnetic conductor, hologram beam at the base.
Jupiter sized+, cloaking device, crystal top frame, then middle splits and the bottom also has a crystal frame+
Travels at light-speed.
The Star-Station is emitting a pulse you feel, sense the Soul Master, not through sight, the human-eye-sight, the inner minds eye.
NI.BIRU does have an environment, only those genetically calibrated for transformation and transfiguration will be transported there.
NI.BIRU is multi-dimensional, holographic, cubed, Tetrahedron, Metatron, Mir (pyramid) shaped Star-Station, they can form any shape within their sacred geometry that they brought with them.
There are more than one NI.BIRU(s), 6-8 satellites also shadow the main Star-Station.
Also known by;
#PlanetoftheCrossing
#PlanetX
#RedDwarf
#NIBIRU
#BlueKachina
#RedKachina
#Nabara
#Hercolubus
#Nemesis
#Destroyer
#Regulator
#Merkabah chosen vehicle of the elite
#NEBTHET
#NEBTHERU
#MURDOQ
#REDDRAGON
#Neberu
#Menberu
#NBERU (Throne)
More+
There are many names of the same source, reflecting the different time periods, different interpretations from the different cultures and civilisations that recorded and interacted with the Supreme Beings.
Since the Star-Stations reintroduction to this Soular System, that is named the Draco System, they have been guided in by the 144,000+ souls who are managing the Star-Stations final approach, there are no crews members sitting at the forefront or captains log of NIBIRU, they have been in and out of time zones, realms, expanses since they got here, these are entities, spiritual masters, ether-beings, nin9 level, the highest number in the universe, they are (God) level status, they are not here to serve us, we go to source.
The Star-Station is coming from the spirit world into this world the physical.
The craft emits a pulse, a frequency, yes we can see the StarStation, for a minute, the dimensions of this world have been upgrading, some at a different rate depending on which four corners of this world.
The upgrading is being done to match their dimensions, the upgrade applies to you, you do not use your human eyes to see NIBIRU, and at any rate you they are emitting a pulse, frequency, tune-in and drop out, inner-eye meets red-eye.
We are involved in a soul evolution its not a revolution, we have been here before, all is merging into one.
The Red Dragon sits in the horizon and surveys all, the Star-Station is right there, close eye.
The chemical canvas can only cover for so long, the NI.BIRU star-system and the other planetary bodies are being revealed.
NIBIRU is bending time and light
NI.BIRU there are many other names for this Star-Station, this is the chosen chariot of a group of Supreme Beings, who are also Guardians and Providers of many Soul-ar systems.
NI.BIRU is a cube that whence is in motion the Star-Station revolves and rotates, and creates an orb, giving the impression of a globe or planet structure.
The word NI.BIRU is from the ancient Sumerians as found in the Chaldean, Accadian, Aramic and Ashuric as NA.BARA Nabara to raise, to elevate, to go up.
The Star-Station(s) is coming from another dimension, the spiritual dimension, for NIBIRU is a spiritual craft and is stripping this dimension down and upgrading it to theirs in order to meet the requirements, number9, in physical appearance the composition of NI.BIRU is; antenna at the top, 1 of 4 stones, Sapphire, Ruby, Emerald, Diamond, placed at the top part of the craft, Solar panels the size of pin heads, top and bottom
4 magnetic force areas (they look like panels) the panels are in the middle part of the craft with the Emerald stone in the centre, in the middle that rounds around the cube is a magnetic conductor, hologram beam at the base.
Jupiter sized+, cloaking device, crystal top frame, then middle splits and the bottom also has a crystal frame+
Travels at light-speed.
The Star-Station is emitting a pulse you feel, sense the Soul Master, not through sight, the human-eye-sight, the inner minds eye.
NI.BIRU does have an environment, only those genetically calibrated for transformation and transfiguration will be transported there.
NI.BIRU is multi-dimensional, holographic, cubed, Tetrahedron, Metatron, Mir (pyramid) shaped Star-Station, they can form any shape within their sacred geometry that they brought with them.
There are more than one NI.BIRU(s), 6-8 satellites also shadow the main Star-Station.
Also known by;
#PlanetoftheCrossing
#PlanetX
#RedDwarf
#NIBIRU
#BlueKachina
#RedKachina
#Nabara
#Hercolubus
#Nemesis
#Destroyer
#Regulator
#Merkabah chosen vehicle of the elite
#NEBTHET
#NEBTHERU
#MURDOQ
#REDDRAGON
#Neberu
#Menberu
#NBERU (Throne)
More+
There are many names of the same source, reflecting the different time periods, different interpretations from the different cultures and civilisations that recorded and interacted with the Supreme Beings.
Since the Star-Stations reintroduction to this Soular System, that is named the Draco System, they have been guided in by the 144,000+ souls who are managing the Star-Stations final approach, there are no crews members sitting at the forefront or captains log of NIBIRU, they have been in and out of time zones, realms, expanses since they got here, these are entities, spiritual masters, ether-beings, nin9 level, the highest number in the universe, they are (God) level status, they are not here to serve us, we go to source.
The Star-Station is coming from the spirit world into this world the physical.
The craft emits a pulse, a frequency, yes we can see the StarStation, for a minute, the dimensions of this world have been upgrading, some at a different rate depending on which four corners of this world.
The upgrading is being done to match their dimensions, the upgrade applies to you, you do not use your human eyes to see NIBIRU, and at any rate you they are emitting a pulse, frequency, tune-in and drop out, inner-eye meets red-eye.
We are involved in a soul evolution its not a revolution, we have been here before, all is merging into one.
The Red Dragon sits in the horizon and surveys all, the Star-Station is right there, close eye.

Add a comment...
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“Mechocracy” is episode four of Red Dwarf XII. Kryten is sitting down doing nothing, simply staring around when Rimmer enters and asks why he is sitting down. According to Kryten, he is waiting for Lister for the next lesson in his Mechanoid Development…
#SF #ScienceFiction #RedDwarf #RedDwarfXII
http://tvsciencefiction.com/red-dwarf-xii-mechocracy/
#SF #ScienceFiction #RedDwarf #RedDwarfXII
http://tvsciencefiction.com/red-dwarf-xii-mechocracy/
Add a comment...
Post has attachment
White Dwarf Lashes Red Dwarf with Mystery Ray | ESO
Artist Illustration of the exotic binary star system AR Scorpii
July 27, 2016: Astronomers using ESO’s Very Large Telescope, along with other telescopes on the ground and in space, have discovered a new type of exotic binary star. In the system AR Scorpii a rapidly spinning white dwarf star powers electrons up to almost the speed of light. These high energy particles release blasts of radiation that lash the companion red dwarf star, and cause the entire system to pulse dramatically every 1.97 minutes with radiation ranging from the ultraviolet to radio. The research will be published in the journal Nature on July 28, 2016.
In May 2015, a group of amateur astronomers from Germany, Belgium and the UK came across a star system that was exhibiting behavior unlike anything they had ever encountered. Follow-up observations led by the University of Warwick and using a multitude of telescopes on the ground and in space [1], have now revealed the true nature of this previously misidentified system.
The star system AR Scorpii, or AR Sco for short, lies in the constellation of Scorpius, 380 light-years from Earth. It comprises a rapidly spinning white dwarf [2], the size of Earth but containing 200, 000 times more mass, and a cool red dwarf companion one third the mass of the Sun [3], orbiting one another every 3.6 hours in a cosmic dance as regular as clockwork.
In a unique twist, this binary star system is exhibiting some brutal behavior. Highly magnetic and spinning rapidly, AR Sco’s white dwarf accelerates electrons up to almost the speed of light. As these high energy particles whip through space, they release radiation in a lighthouse-like beam which lashes across the face of the cool red dwarf star, causing the entire system to brighten and fade dramatically every 1.97 minutes. These powerful pulses include radiation at radio frequencies, which has never been detected before from a white dwarf system.
Lead researcher Tom Marsh of the University of Warwick’s Astrophysics Group commented: “AR Scorpii was discovered over 40 years ago, but its true nature was not suspected until we started observing it in 2015. We realized we were seeing something extraordinary within minutes of starting the observations.”
The observed properties of AR Sco are unique. They are also mysterious. The radiation across a broad range of frequencies is indicative of emission from electrons accelerated in magnetic fields, which can be explained by AR Sco’s spinning white dwarf. The source of the electrons themselves, however, is a major mystery—it is not clear whether it is associated with the white dwarf itself, or its cooler companion.
AR Scorpii was first observed in the early 1970s and regular fluctuations in brightness every 3.6 hours led it to be incorrectly classified as a lone variable star [4]. The true source of AR Scorpii’s varying luminosity was revealed thanks to the combined efforts of amateur and professional astronomers. Similar pulsing behavior has been observed before, but from neutron stars—some of the densest celestial objects known in the Universe—rather than white dwarfs.
Boris Gänsicke, co-author of the new study, also at the University of Warwick, concludes: "We've known pulsing neutron stars for nearly fifty years, and some theories predicted white dwarfs could show similar behavior. It's very exciting that we have discovered such a system, and it has been a fantastic example of amateur astronomers and academics working together."
Notes
[1] The observations underlying this research were carried out on: ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) located at Cerro Paranal, Chile; the William Herschel and Isaac Newton Telescopes of the Isaac Newton Group of telescopes sited on the Spanish island of La Palma in the Canaries; the Australia Telescope Compact Array at the Paul Wild Observatory, Narrabri, Australia; the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope; and NASA's Swift satellite.
[2] White dwarfs form late in the life cycles of stars with masses up to about eight times that of our Sun. After hydrogen fusion in a star’s core is exhausted, the internal changes are reflected in a dramatic expansion into a red giant, followed by a contraction accompanied by the star’s outer layers being blown off in great clouds of dust and gas. Left behind is a white dwarf, Earth-sized but 200 000 times more dense. A single spoonful of the matter making up a white dwarf would weigh about as much as an elephant here on Earth.
[3] This red dwarf is an M type star. M type stars are the most common class in the Harvard classification system, which uses single letters to group stars according their spectral characteristics. The famously awkward to remember sequence of classes runs: OBAFGKM, and is often remembered using the mnemonic Oh Be A Fine Girl/Guy, Kiss Me.
[4] A variable star is one whose brightness fluctuates as seen from Earth. The fluctuations may be due to the intrinsic properties of the star itself changing. For instance some stars noticeably expand and contract. It could also be due to another object regularly eclipsing the star. AR Scorpii was mistaken for a single variable star as the orbiting of two stars also results in regular fluctuations in observed brightness.
More information
This research was presented in a paper entitled “A radio pulsing white dwarf binary star”, by T. Marsh et al., to appear in the journal Nature on July 28, 2016:
www.eso.org/public/archives/releases/sciencepapers/eso1627/eso1627a.pdf
The team is composed of T.R. Marsh (University of Warwick, Coventry, UK), B.T. Gänsicke (University of Warwick, Coventry, UK), S. Hümmerich (Bundesdeutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Veränderliche Sterne e.V., Germany; American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO), USA) , F.-J. Hambsch (Bundesdeutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Veränderliche Sterne e.V., Germany; American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO), USA; Vereniging Voor Sterrenkunde (VVS), Belgium), K. Bernhard (Bundesdeutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Veränderliche Sterne e.V., Germany; American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO),USA), C.Lloyd (University of Sussex, UK), E. Breedt (University of Warwick, Coventry, UK), E.R. Stanway (University of Warwick, Coventry, UK), D.T. Steeghs (University of Warwick, Coventry, UK), S.G. Parsons (Universidad de Valparaiso, Chile), O. Toloza (University of Warwick, Coventry, UK), M.R. Schreiber (Universidad de Valparaiso, Chile), P.G. Jonker (Netherlands Institute for Space Research, The Netherlands; Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands), J. van Roestel (Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands), T. Kupfer (California Institute of Technology, USA), A.F. Pala (University of Warwick, Coventry, UK) , V.S. Dhillon (University of Sheffield, UK; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, Spain; Universidad de La Laguna, Spain), L.K. Hardy (University of Warwick, Coventry, UK; University of Sheffield, UK), S.P. Littlefair (University of Sheffield, UK), A. Aungwerojwit (Naresuan University, Thailand), S. Arjyotha (Chiang Rai Rajabhat University, Thailand), D. Koester (University of Kiel, Germany), J.J. Bochinski (The Open University, UK), C.A. Haswell (The Open University, UK), P. Frank (Bundesdeutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Veränderliche Sterne e.V., Germany) and P.J. Wheatley (University of Warwick, Coventry, UK).
ESO is the foremost intergovernmental astronomy organisation in Europe and the world’s most productive ground-based astronomical observatory by far. It is supported by 16 countries: Austria, Belgium, Brazil, the Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Finland, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom, along with the host state of Chile. ESO carries out an ambitious program focused on the design, construction and operation of powerful ground-based observing facilities enabling astronomers to make important scientific discoveries. ESO also plays a leading role in promoting and organizing cooperation in astronomical research. ESO operates three unique world-class observing sites in Chile: La Silla, Paranal and Chajnantor. At Paranal, ESO operates the Very Large Telescope, the world’s most advanced visible-light astronomical observatory and two survey telescopes. VISTA works in the infrared and is the world’s largest survey telescope and the VLT Survey Telescope is the largest telescope designed to exclusively survey the skies in visible light. ESO is a major partner in ALMA, the largest astronomical project in existence. And on Cerro Armazones, close to Paranal, ESO is building the 39-metre European Extremely Large Telescope, the E-ELT, which will become “the world’s biggest eye on the sky”.
Image Credit: M. Garlick/University of Warwick/ESO
Science Credit: European Southern Observatory (ESO)
Release Date: July 27, 2016
+European Southern Observatory (ESO)
#ESO #Astronomy #Space #Science #Star #WhiteDwarf
#RedDwarf #ARScorpii #ARSco #Scorpius #Cosmos #Universe #VLT #Telescope #Chile #Atacama #Desert #Europe #Illustration #Artist #STEM #Education
Artist Illustration of the exotic binary star system AR Scorpii
July 27, 2016: Astronomers using ESO’s Very Large Telescope, along with other telescopes on the ground and in space, have discovered a new type of exotic binary star. In the system AR Scorpii a rapidly spinning white dwarf star powers electrons up to almost the speed of light. These high energy particles release blasts of radiation that lash the companion red dwarf star, and cause the entire system to pulse dramatically every 1.97 minutes with radiation ranging from the ultraviolet to radio. The research will be published in the journal Nature on July 28, 2016.
In May 2015, a group of amateur astronomers from Germany, Belgium and the UK came across a star system that was exhibiting behavior unlike anything they had ever encountered. Follow-up observations led by the University of Warwick and using a multitude of telescopes on the ground and in space [1], have now revealed the true nature of this previously misidentified system.
The star system AR Scorpii, or AR Sco for short, lies in the constellation of Scorpius, 380 light-years from Earth. It comprises a rapidly spinning white dwarf [2], the size of Earth but containing 200, 000 times more mass, and a cool red dwarf companion one third the mass of the Sun [3], orbiting one another every 3.6 hours in a cosmic dance as regular as clockwork.
In a unique twist, this binary star system is exhibiting some brutal behavior. Highly magnetic and spinning rapidly, AR Sco’s white dwarf accelerates electrons up to almost the speed of light. As these high energy particles whip through space, they release radiation in a lighthouse-like beam which lashes across the face of the cool red dwarf star, causing the entire system to brighten and fade dramatically every 1.97 minutes. These powerful pulses include radiation at radio frequencies, which has never been detected before from a white dwarf system.
Lead researcher Tom Marsh of the University of Warwick’s Astrophysics Group commented: “AR Scorpii was discovered over 40 years ago, but its true nature was not suspected until we started observing it in 2015. We realized we were seeing something extraordinary within minutes of starting the observations.”
The observed properties of AR Sco are unique. They are also mysterious. The radiation across a broad range of frequencies is indicative of emission from electrons accelerated in magnetic fields, which can be explained by AR Sco’s spinning white dwarf. The source of the electrons themselves, however, is a major mystery—it is not clear whether it is associated with the white dwarf itself, or its cooler companion.
AR Scorpii was first observed in the early 1970s and regular fluctuations in brightness every 3.6 hours led it to be incorrectly classified as a lone variable star [4]. The true source of AR Scorpii’s varying luminosity was revealed thanks to the combined efforts of amateur and professional astronomers. Similar pulsing behavior has been observed before, but from neutron stars—some of the densest celestial objects known in the Universe—rather than white dwarfs.
Boris Gänsicke, co-author of the new study, also at the University of Warwick, concludes: "We've known pulsing neutron stars for nearly fifty years, and some theories predicted white dwarfs could show similar behavior. It's very exciting that we have discovered such a system, and it has been a fantastic example of amateur astronomers and academics working together."
Notes
[1] The observations underlying this research were carried out on: ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) located at Cerro Paranal, Chile; the William Herschel and Isaac Newton Telescopes of the Isaac Newton Group of telescopes sited on the Spanish island of La Palma in the Canaries; the Australia Telescope Compact Array at the Paul Wild Observatory, Narrabri, Australia; the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope; and NASA's Swift satellite.
[2] White dwarfs form late in the life cycles of stars with masses up to about eight times that of our Sun. After hydrogen fusion in a star’s core is exhausted, the internal changes are reflected in a dramatic expansion into a red giant, followed by a contraction accompanied by the star’s outer layers being blown off in great clouds of dust and gas. Left behind is a white dwarf, Earth-sized but 200 000 times more dense. A single spoonful of the matter making up a white dwarf would weigh about as much as an elephant here on Earth.
[3] This red dwarf is an M type star. M type stars are the most common class in the Harvard classification system, which uses single letters to group stars according their spectral characteristics. The famously awkward to remember sequence of classes runs: OBAFGKM, and is often remembered using the mnemonic Oh Be A Fine Girl/Guy, Kiss Me.
[4] A variable star is one whose brightness fluctuates as seen from Earth. The fluctuations may be due to the intrinsic properties of the star itself changing. For instance some stars noticeably expand and contract. It could also be due to another object regularly eclipsing the star. AR Scorpii was mistaken for a single variable star as the orbiting of two stars also results in regular fluctuations in observed brightness.
More information
This research was presented in a paper entitled “A radio pulsing white dwarf binary star”, by T. Marsh et al., to appear in the journal Nature on July 28, 2016:
www.eso.org/public/archives/releases/sciencepapers/eso1627/eso1627a.pdf
The team is composed of T.R. Marsh (University of Warwick, Coventry, UK), B.T. Gänsicke (University of Warwick, Coventry, UK), S. Hümmerich (Bundesdeutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Veränderliche Sterne e.V., Germany; American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO), USA) , F.-J. Hambsch (Bundesdeutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Veränderliche Sterne e.V., Germany; American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO), USA; Vereniging Voor Sterrenkunde (VVS), Belgium), K. Bernhard (Bundesdeutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Veränderliche Sterne e.V., Germany; American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO),USA), C.Lloyd (University of Sussex, UK), E. Breedt (University of Warwick, Coventry, UK), E.R. Stanway (University of Warwick, Coventry, UK), D.T. Steeghs (University of Warwick, Coventry, UK), S.G. Parsons (Universidad de Valparaiso, Chile), O. Toloza (University of Warwick, Coventry, UK), M.R. Schreiber (Universidad de Valparaiso, Chile), P.G. Jonker (Netherlands Institute for Space Research, The Netherlands; Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands), J. van Roestel (Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands), T. Kupfer (California Institute of Technology, USA), A.F. Pala (University of Warwick, Coventry, UK) , V.S. Dhillon (University of Sheffield, UK; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, Spain; Universidad de La Laguna, Spain), L.K. Hardy (University of Warwick, Coventry, UK; University of Sheffield, UK), S.P. Littlefair (University of Sheffield, UK), A. Aungwerojwit (Naresuan University, Thailand), S. Arjyotha (Chiang Rai Rajabhat University, Thailand), D. Koester (University of Kiel, Germany), J.J. Bochinski (The Open University, UK), C.A. Haswell (The Open University, UK), P. Frank (Bundesdeutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Veränderliche Sterne e.V., Germany) and P.J. Wheatley (University of Warwick, Coventry, UK).
ESO is the foremost intergovernmental astronomy organisation in Europe and the world’s most productive ground-based astronomical observatory by far. It is supported by 16 countries: Austria, Belgium, Brazil, the Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Finland, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom, along with the host state of Chile. ESO carries out an ambitious program focused on the design, construction and operation of powerful ground-based observing facilities enabling astronomers to make important scientific discoveries. ESO also plays a leading role in promoting and organizing cooperation in astronomical research. ESO operates three unique world-class observing sites in Chile: La Silla, Paranal and Chajnantor. At Paranal, ESO operates the Very Large Telescope, the world’s most advanced visible-light astronomical observatory and two survey telescopes. VISTA works in the infrared and is the world’s largest survey telescope and the VLT Survey Telescope is the largest telescope designed to exclusively survey the skies in visible light. ESO is a major partner in ALMA, the largest astronomical project in existence. And on Cerro Armazones, close to Paranal, ESO is building the 39-metre European Extremely Large Telescope, the E-ELT, which will become “the world’s biggest eye on the sky”.
Image Credit: M. Garlick/University of Warwick/ESO
Science Credit: European Southern Observatory (ESO)
Release Date: July 27, 2016
+European Southern Observatory (ESO)
#ESO #Astronomy #Space #Science #Star #WhiteDwarf
#RedDwarf #ARScorpii #ARSco #Scorpius #Cosmos #Universe #VLT #Telescope #Chile #Atacama #Desert #Europe #Illustration #Artist #STEM #Education
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#NASA #GALEX examines how #RedDwarf Flares effect Orbiting Planets #clarksville #space #science #planets #solarflare
Written by Christine Pulliam NASA Headquarters Washington, D.C. – Cool dwarf stars are hot targets for exoplanet hunting right now. The discoveries of planets in the habitable zones of the TRAPPIST-1 and LHS 1140 systems, for example, suggest that…
Written by Christine Pulliam NASA Headquarters Washington, D.C. – Cool dwarf stars are hot targets for exoplanet hunting right now. The discoveries of planets in the habitable zones of the TRAPPIST-1 and LHS 1140 systems, for example, suggest that…
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Loving the latest Red Dwarf episode and well done to Joe Sims, great job.
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Hubble Finds Planet Orbiting Pair of Red Dwarf Stars
Image: This artist's illustration shows a gas giant planet circling a pair of red dwarf stars. | Sept. 22, 2016: Astronomers using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, and a trick of nature, have confirmed the existence of a planet orbiting two stars in the system OGLE-2007-BLG-349, located 8,000 light-years away towards the center of our galaxy.
The planet orbits roughly 300 million miles from the stellar duo, about the distance from the asteroid belt to our sun. It completes an orbit around both stars roughly every seven years. The two red dwarf stars are a mere 7 million miles apart, or 14 times the diameter of the moon's orbit around Earth.
The Hubble observations represent the first time such a three-body system has been confirmed using the gravitational microlensing technique. Gravitational microlensing occurs when the gravity of a foreground star bends and amplifies the light of a background star that momentarily aligns with it. The particular character of the light magnification can reveal clues to the nature of the foreground star and any associated planets.
The three objects were discovered in 2007 by an international collaboration of five different groups: Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA), the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE), the Microlensing Follow-up Network (MicroFUN), the Probing Lensing Anomalies Network (PLANET), and the Robonet Collaboration. These ground-based observations uncovered a star and a planet, but a detailed analysis also revealed a third body that astronomers could not definitively identify.
"The ground-based observations suggested two possible scenarios for the three-body system: a Saturn-mass planet orbiting a close binary star pair or a Saturn-mass and an Earth-mass planet orbiting a single star," explained David Bennett of the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, the paper's first author.
The sharpness of the Hubble images allowed the research team to separate the background source star and the lensing star from their neighbors in the very crowded star field. The Hubble observations revealed that the starlight from the foreground lens system was too faint to be a single star, but it had the brightness expected for two closely orbiting red dwarf stars, which are fainter and less massive than our sun. "So, the model with two stars and one planet is the only one consistent with the Hubble data," Bennett said.
Bennett's team conducted the follow-up observations with Hubble's Wide Field Planetary Camera 2. "We were helped in the analysis by the almost perfect alignment of the foreground binary stars with the background star, which greatly magnified the light and allowed us to see the signal of the two stars," Bennett explained.
Kepler has discovered 10 other planets orbiting tight binary stars, but these are all much closer to their stars than the one studied by Hubble.
Now that the team has shown that microlensing can successfully detect planets orbiting double-star systems, Hubble could provide an essential role in this new realm in the continued search for exoplanets.
The team's results have been accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal.
Credit: NASA, ESA, and G. Bacon (STScI)
Release Date: September 22, 2016
+Hubble Space Telescope
+European Space Agency, ESA
+NASA Goddard
+Space Telescope Science Institute
#NASA #Hubble #Astronomy #Space #Science #Exoplanet #Stars #RedDwarf #Binary #OGLE2007BLG34 #Microlensing #Telescope #Cosmos #Universe #ESA #STScI #Artist #Illustration
Image: This artist's illustration shows a gas giant planet circling a pair of red dwarf stars. | Sept. 22, 2016: Astronomers using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, and a trick of nature, have confirmed the existence of a planet orbiting two stars in the system OGLE-2007-BLG-349, located 8,000 light-years away towards the center of our galaxy.
The planet orbits roughly 300 million miles from the stellar duo, about the distance from the asteroid belt to our sun. It completes an orbit around both stars roughly every seven years. The two red dwarf stars are a mere 7 million miles apart, or 14 times the diameter of the moon's orbit around Earth.
The Hubble observations represent the first time such a three-body system has been confirmed using the gravitational microlensing technique. Gravitational microlensing occurs when the gravity of a foreground star bends and amplifies the light of a background star that momentarily aligns with it. The particular character of the light magnification can reveal clues to the nature of the foreground star and any associated planets.
The three objects were discovered in 2007 by an international collaboration of five different groups: Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA), the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE), the Microlensing Follow-up Network (MicroFUN), the Probing Lensing Anomalies Network (PLANET), and the Robonet Collaboration. These ground-based observations uncovered a star and a planet, but a detailed analysis also revealed a third body that astronomers could not definitively identify.
"The ground-based observations suggested two possible scenarios for the three-body system: a Saturn-mass planet orbiting a close binary star pair or a Saturn-mass and an Earth-mass planet orbiting a single star," explained David Bennett of the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, the paper's first author.
The sharpness of the Hubble images allowed the research team to separate the background source star and the lensing star from their neighbors in the very crowded star field. The Hubble observations revealed that the starlight from the foreground lens system was too faint to be a single star, but it had the brightness expected for two closely orbiting red dwarf stars, which are fainter and less massive than our sun. "So, the model with two stars and one planet is the only one consistent with the Hubble data," Bennett said.
Bennett's team conducted the follow-up observations with Hubble's Wide Field Planetary Camera 2. "We were helped in the analysis by the almost perfect alignment of the foreground binary stars with the background star, which greatly magnified the light and allowed us to see the signal of the two stars," Bennett explained.
Kepler has discovered 10 other planets orbiting tight binary stars, but these are all much closer to their stars than the one studied by Hubble.
Now that the team has shown that microlensing can successfully detect planets orbiting double-star systems, Hubble could provide an essential role in this new realm in the continued search for exoplanets.
The team's results have been accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal.
Credit: NASA, ESA, and G. Bacon (STScI)
Release Date: September 22, 2016
+Hubble Space Telescope
+European Space Agency, ESA
+NASA Goddard
+Space Telescope Science Institute
#NASA #Hubble #Astronomy #Space #Science #Exoplanet #Stars #RedDwarf #Binary #OGLE2007BLG34 #Microlensing #Telescope #Cosmos #Universe #ESA #STScI #Artist #Illustration

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Red Dwarf fans rejoice, Steven Wickham is coming back to Scifi Wales after his amazing appearance at our first event. Steven played Lister's GELF Bride and the BEGG Chief in #RedDwarf and was the only character other than the four main stars to appear in the title credits. He has had a long and successful career and can also be seen in the sci-fi cult classic #DoctorWho. Read more at https://www.scifi.wales/guests/steven-wickham

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