Painting is the practice of applying
paint,
pigment,
color or other medium
[6] to a surface (support base). In
art, the term describes both the act and the result, which is called a painting. Paintings may have for their support such surfaces as
walls,
paper,
canvas,
wood,
glass,
lacquer,
clay or concrete. Paintings may be decorated with
gold leaf, and some modern paintings incorporate other materials including sand, clay, and scraps of paper.
Painting is a mode of expression, and the forms are numerous. Drawing, composition or abstraction and other aesthetics may serve to manifest the expressive and conceptual intention of the practitioner. Paintings can be naturalistic and representational (as in a still life or landscape painting), photographic, abstract, be loaded with narrative content, symbolism, emotion or be political in nature.
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (
German pronunciation: [ˈɡeɔʁk ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈheːɡəl]) (August 27, 1770 – November 14, 1831) was a
German philosopher, and with
Johann Gottlieb Fichte and
Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, one of the creators of
German Idealism. Hegel influenced writers of widely varying positions, including both his admirers (
Bauer,
Feuerbach,
Marx,
Bradley,
Dewey,
Sartre,
Küng,
Kojève,
Žižek), and his detractors (
Schelling,
Kierkegaard,
Schopenhauer,
Nietzsche,
Peirce,
Russell). Hegel developed a comprehensive philosophical framework, or "system", to account in an integrated and developmental way for the relation of mind and nature, the subject and object of knowledge, and psychology, the state, history, art, religion, and philosophy. In particular, he developed a concept of mind or spirit that manifested itself in a set of contradictions and oppositions that it ultimately integrated and united, such as those between nature and freedom, and
immanence and
transcendence, without eliminating either pole or reducing it to the other. His influential conceptions are of speculative logic or "dialectic," "absolute idealism," "Spirit," negativity, sublation (
Aufhebung in German), the
"Master/Slave" dialectic, "ethical life," and the importance of history.
