C♯ (musical note)

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C♯ (C-sharp) is a musical note lying a chromatic semitone above C and a diatonic semitone below D. C-sharp is thus enharmonic to D♭. It is the second semitone in the French solfège and is known there as do dièse. In some European notations, it is known as Cis. In equal temperament it is also enharmonic with Bdouble sharp (Hisis).

When calculated in equal temperament with a reference of A above middle C as 440 Hz, the frequency of C♯4 (the C♯ above middle C) is about 277.18 Hz. See pitch (music) for a discussion of historical variations in frequency.

Designation by octave[edit]

Scientific designation Helmholtz designation Bilinear music notation Octave name Frequency (Hz)
C♯-1 C♯͵͵͵ or ͵͵͵C♯ or CCCC♯ (-uC♯) Subsubcontra 8.662
C♯0 C♯͵͵ or ͵͵C♯ or CCC♯ (-vC♯) Subcontra 17.324
C♯1 C♯͵ or ͵C♯ or CC♯ (-wC♯) Contra 34.648
C♯2 C♯ (-xC♯) Great 69.296
C♯3 c♯ (-yC♯) Small 138.591
C♯4 c♯′ (zC♯) One-lined 277.183
C♯5 c♯′′ (yC♯) Two-lined 554.365
C♯6 c♯′′′ (xC♯) Three-lined 1108.731
C♯7 c♯′′′′ (wC♯) Four-lined 2217.461
C♯8 c♯′′′′′ (vC♯) Five-lined 4434.922
C♯9 c♯′′′′′′ (uC♯) Six-lined 8869.844
C♯10 c♯′′′′′′′ (tC♯) Seven-lined 17739.688

Scales[edit]

Common scales beginning on C♯[edit]

  • C♯ Major: C♯ D♯ E♯ F♯ G♯ A♯ B♯ C♯
  • C♯ Natural Minor: C♯ D♯ E F♯ G♯ A B C♯
  • C♯ Harmonic Minor: C♯ D♯ E F♯ G♯ A B♯ C♯
  • C♯ Melodic Minor Ascending: C♯ D♯ E F♯ G♯ A♯ B♯ C♯
  • C♯ Melodic Minor Descending: C♯ B A G♯ F♯ E D♯ C♯

Diatonic scales[edit]

  • C♯ Ionian: C♯ D♯ E♯ F♯ G♯ A♯ B♯ C♯
  • C♯ Dorian: C♯ D♯ E F♯ G♯ A♯ B C♯
  • C♯ Phrygian: C♯ D E F♯ G♯ A B C♯
  • C♯ Lydian: C♯ D♯ E♯ Fdouble sharp G♯ A♯ B♯ C♯
  • C♯ Mixolydian: C♯ D♯ E♯ F♯ G♯ A♯ B C♯
  • C♯ Aeolian: C♯ D♯ E F♯ G♯ A B C♯
  • C♯ Locrian: C♯ D E F♯ G A B C♯

Jazz Melodic Minor[edit]

See also[edit]


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