C, 82 80 78 bytes

Thanks to @WillihamTotland and @criptych for saving 2 bytes each!

#define a"\33[47;31m"
#define b"\33[34m"
f(){puts(a"I"b" V"a"o"b"t"a"e"b"d");}

Output on my phone:

Minecraft Chat (vanilla 1.10 client, spigot 1.10 server): 19 bytes

&4I &1V&4o&1t&4e&1d

or from the clientside:

§4I §1V§4o§1t§4e§1d

Minecraft uses a color coding system with these colors programmed in.

Mind the rules:

• Writing the text to a console using color formatting. In this case you may approximate pure red and blue if necessary, and it's ok if only the area directly behind the text can be made white.

All of these are true, as:
the red and blue ARE approximations (though still very similar).
The background in Minecraft chat is transparent, meaning that it's possible to put this on a white background. (such as an empty world)

Google Blockly, 10 14 blocks, 28 41 35 blytes

Code

Output

Try it here

Not counting the hide turtle block because it's just aesthetics.

A blyte is a combination of a block and a byte, there's no meta post yet as how to count this, but I'll create one later. As for now, this is how I count:

• I o e, 8 blytes
• V t d, 10 blytes (2 leading spaces here)
• Colours, 1 blyte each, 2 total
• 90, 2 blytes
• 999, 3 blytes
• 0, 1 blyte
• turn right, 2 blytes
• move forward, 2 blytes
• normal blocks, 1 blyte each, 5 total

Since Google Blockly is rarely used for golfing and I'm thinking waaay outside of the box for this challenge, I hope this is a valid submission.

HTML, 52 bytes

I <c>V<e>o<c>t<e>e<c>d<style>*{color:red}c{color:0ff

Windows 10 Batch, 51 50 bytes

@color fc&echo I ␛[94mV␛[91mo␛[94mt␛[91me␛[94md␛[m

Where ␛ represents the ANSI Escape 0x1B character. Outputs using colour formatting. Edit: Saved 1 byte thanks to @brianush1. I tried writing the code to generate this but it took 97 bytes. Output:

LaTeX, 147 126 bytes

\documentclass{proc}\input color\begin{document}\def\z{\color{red}}\def\y{\color{blue}}\z I \y V\z o\y t\z e\y d\end{document}

Saved 21 bytes and got better kerning thanks to @AndreïKostyrka.

This prints an a4 page with this on the first line (note that this also prints page 1 on the bottom):

JavaScript, 71 bytes

console.log('%cI %cV%co%ct%ce%cd',r='color:red',b='color:blue',r,b,r,b)

Makes use of console.log's ability to print in color. Doesn't work in a stack snippet so you should paste this answer to the console to test it.

Picture credits to @Mast

LÖVE, 152 142 136 bytes

Let's show some löve for a fun little prototyping language! It's not perfect for the task of golfing (c'mon, it's LUA based), but it's easy to write.

function love.draw()l=love.graphics
a=255
l.setBackgroundColor(a,a,a)s=l.setColor
p=l.print
s(a,0,0)p('I   o e')s(0,0,a)p('  V  t d')end

Screenshot:

Fully ungolfed version:

function love.draw()
    love.graphics.setBackgroundColor(255,255,255)
    love.graphics.setColor(255,0,0)
    love.graphics.print('I   o e')
    love.graphics.setColor(0,0,255)
    love.graphics.print('  V  t d')
end

R, 113 85 81 74 73 55 bytes

Edit: Saved a bunch of bytes thanks to @rturnbull and @JDL

plot(8:1,0:7*0,pc=el(strsplit("detoV  I","")),co=2:1*2)

The size of the output (and spacing etc) depends on the resolution of the currently open graphics device. Tested in RGui and RStudio on my monitor and produces:

Mathematica (REPL image output), 65 bytes

Row[Style@@@({Characters@"I Voted",{a=Red,a,b=Blue,a,b,a,b}})]

Graphical REPL expression. The Unicode character is U+F3C7 (private use) for \[Transpose].

MATLAB, 74 bytes

We create a white 50x50 (one column for each state) background using imshow of an array of ones. We then display a text, using my trick of shortening property names to get the colours. Since the default font is not fixed width, the text is padded with spaces.

imshow(ones(50))
text(2,9,'I   o e','Co','r')
text(8,9,'V  t  d','Co','b')

MATLAB, 99 bytes, fixed width font

The first version uses fiddling with spaces and coordinates to get a proper kerning on the default font, and might not display properly on your computer. Instead, we can use a fixed width font, like Courier (or, for some more bytes, FixedWidth which works on any system that has a fixed width font installed). This does come at the cost of quite a few extra bytes. We can mitigate this slightly by using a for loop to print the text. The text and corresponding colours are stored in a cell array. The background needs to be a little bit larger.

imshow(ones(80))
for y={'I  o e ','  V t d';'r','b'}
text(9,9,y{1},'Co',y{2},'FontN','Courier')
end

Matlab, 83 bytes bonus edition

Sadly, underlined blue text is not allowed. Otherwise, this answer would have highlighted some interesting behaviour in MATLAB. You can print red text using fprintf(2,txt), and you can print blue underlined text with fprintf('<a href="">txt</a>'). Combining this works... sometimes. Completely at random, it may also create red underlined text. You can issue drawnow between consecutive f calls if this is the case on your system.

f=@(p)fprintf(2,'%s<a href="">%s</a>',p(1:end-1),p(end));f('I V');f('ot');f('ed');fprintf('\n')

Hot Soup Processor, 48 bytes

color 255
mes"I  o e
pos,0
color,,-1
mes"  V t d

The ungolfed version is:

color 255,0,0
mes "I  o e"
pos 0,0
color 0,0,255
mes "  V t d"

If you bear in mind that mes (message) is HSP's echo, I think this is fairly readable.

Weirdly, if you try to do pos or pos,, the blue line doesn't overwrite the red line and appears beneath it. Even weirder, color is only meant to take values in 0-255, but 0,0,-1 works for blue, 0,-1,0 works for green and -1,0,0 works for... black? (-257,0,0 and 511,0,0 work for red though, so something's funky about the mod 256 going on)

PowerShell v2+, 71 59 57 bytes

[char[]]"I Voted"|%{Write-Host -b w -n -f (9,12)[$_%2]$_}

Saved two bytes thanks to @flashbang

Takes "I Voted" and turns it into a char-array, then loops |%{...}. Each letter, we execute Write-Host with the -background color to White, -noNewLine, and the -foreground color to be the appropriate index. This leverages the fact that odd ASCII values are Red, while even ASCII values are Blue via $_%2 as the index.

Console colors in PowerShell are very limited, so this is the closest approximation I could get. It would be golfier to use 4 (DarkRed) for the red, but it doesn't look right, so I'm sacrificing a couple bytes for the sake of color accuracy.

Below is the output, followed by the 16 available colors the console can display. Note that the background isn't truly white, since Microsoft in their wisdom opted to have the background colors ever-so-slightly-off from the foreground colors.

Java, 322 319 318 309 304 229 bytes

-9 Bytes thanks to kevin.
-75 Bytes thanks to Angzuril, nice callout on the old awt classes, always forget those exist.

import java.awt.*;
void n(){Frame j=new Frame();j.add(new Container(){public void paint(Graphics g){int i=0;for(String c:"IVoted".split("")){g.setColor(i%2<1?Color.RED:Color.BLUE);g.drawString(c,i++*8,10);}}});j.setVisible(0<1);}

Output:

ImageMagick, 105 bytes

magick xc:[x60] -fill red -draw 'text 5,30 "I     o  e"' -fill blue -draw 'text 15,30 "V   t   d"' show:

Ungolfed:

magick xc:[x60] -fill red -draw 'text 5,30 "I     o  e"' \
-fill blue -draw 'text 15,30 "V   t   d"' show:

This assumes that ImageMagick's default background is white; if not, add 5 bytes so the input file is xc:white instead of just xc:.

If you are so inclined after the election, add 12 bytes -rotate 180 preceding the show: directive:

Jolf, 53 bytes

"<z>I <w>V<z>o<w>t<z>e<w>d<style>w{ΞΩ4blue}z{ΞΩ4red

There are unprintables. Try it here!

Jolf's output is HTML capable. I tried doing something clever like modulus 2 to decide color, but that only wound up longer (around 69 bytes). So, the output is in HTML.

Output:

(larger version)

Python, 91 bytes + termcolor

Not gonna win, but posted it for fun.

from termcolor import*
for c in'I Voted':cprint(c,'brleude'[ord(c)%2::2],'on_white',end='')

Half the credit goes to Sp3000.

Bash, 35 bytes

My script looks like this

echo "^[[47;31mI hope^[[34md^H^H^Ht^H^H^Hv"

xxd of script file:

0000000: 6563 686f 2022 1b5b 3437 3b33 316d 4920  echo ".[47;31mI 
0000010: 686f 7065 1b5b 3334 6d64 0808 0874 0808  hope.[34md...t..
0000020: 0876 22                                  .v"

Typing it: ctrl-v-esc and ctrl-v-h will insert the escapes and backspaces (^[ and ^H).

Python, 99 87 bytes

from turtle import*
up()
for c in"I Voted":color("brleude"[ord(c)%2::2]);write(c);fd(7)

Try it online

sh, 61 49 bytes

echo "[47;31;1mI [34mV[31mo[34mt[31me[34md"

Because this contains unprintables, here is a reversible xxd hexdump:

00000000: 6563 686f 2022 1b5b 3437 3b33 313b 316d  echo ".[47;31;1m
00000010: 4920 1b5b 3334 6d56 1b5b 3331 6d6f 1b5b  I .[34mV.[31mo.[
00000020: 3334 6d74 1b5b 3331 6d65 1b5b 3334 6d64  34mt.[31me.[34md
00000030: 22                                       "

Thanks to 4198 (manatwork) for -12 bytes.

REBOL, 100 90 95 bytes (-7 bytes with REPL for 88)

REBOL[]view layout[style b tt blue white space 0 across b"I"red b b"V"b"o"red b"t"b"e"red b"d"]

In REPL, the initial REBOL[] is not required. That's 7 bytes.

The ungolfed version is:

REBOL[]
view layout[
  ; by default, tt (text) has a grey background and a 2x2 padding
  style b tt blue white space 0
  ; this one doesn't appear in the golfed version as it's slightly shorter to just manually set red everywhere needed
  style r b red

  ; by default, vertical stack panel
  across
  r "I"
  r 
  b "V"
  r "o"
  b "t"
  r "e"
  b "d"
]

On the left, with "space 0x0" added to each text block, on the right, with the default 2x2 padding.

Processing, 83 85 83 bytes

Had to increase byte count to include spaces to avoid overlapping letters

Then I reduced byte count by changing the positions and removing spaces

Processing is basically Java, but more artistic and less verbose (emphasis on less verbose).

background(255);fill(#ff0000);text("I   o e",2,9);fill(#0000ff);text("V  t d",9,9);

Explanation:

background(255); //sets background colour to white
fill(#ff0000); //setting the text colour to red
text("I   o e",2,9); //Display text "I   o e" (in red) at position (2,9) [Origin is top left]
fill(#0000ff); //set the text colour to blue
text("V  t d"); //Display text "  V  t d" (in blue) at position (9,9)

Bubblegum, 28 bytes

0000000: 938e 3636 ccf5 0492 e6b9 0a40 d224 370c  ..66.......@.$7.
0000010: 2c92 0f66 9780 d9a9 6076 0a00            ,..f....`v..

Does not work online since it uses ANSI color codes for coloring.

SVG + bzip2, 1807 bytes

A vectorized version of the example image, then compressed with bzip2 to about half (4385 -> 1807 bytes). You can download it here. (direct GitHub Pages link)

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.�M�&�Q�vا����bB���� �쾾�4AV�8�8���)Z�ޣ�j�q}�����?�t�/
�±%��"A����B�X�(␌�[⎺;Z/┐├*��%�␤�       I���Uƒ�Y�9ǝK���B��┤�=���±?�W���
            ��ڰj�?�H��\����^��m�=X�d���>�!C�@�.���9�" DZ+��V1+�;�����58Q���-:�5,HDQŧ`A>����W�+h��>m��G�m�uWv�&�U�|mq�u���?=S�\{(��Z�a�I��G{Cd��;Bz���qX7��?P�@�Jt[w�]����%W���37f���-񴁭�iԳ]c��|�;i�k�H��
    sHz��Y�$�.�*�?�ڐ��Us=\뫅6%�Ud�9w���D
                                          ��H��^�Q��P��%n�O����l��+*q�U�"F%��*�     *b�� 
                                         @mP���Z�(ZL`
  bIv⦳�~�F=��>H�Ti����0@≠R≥��T�E��┴��D����␍│��2*◆=└6&⎽M�◆␊?�/�U�����r�.�`gƅ���E'��^��ILPz@���zR&u$��l^�U�n�'O\�Xj+چ�o�*�O�w��JP8���]���r��k=��N�b�ƵpM�8|���=7���N��W�M(����*�E�DݐT��Zi�v"���49�J�0}�F�*x�K���P��⎼*�������6[G,4� ү)UUT␍��%4D��Թ␉��⎻�8�CZ_3ɷwW�9��-&�Ov�a՜
�'ӥtߢ�>��^�m-������c�]:��*��2��촄Ujr�?"�J�"���DE�f?┴⎻��␍3·└���Ԉ��? ׌�5|ᫎ���|DO���%�4Ư`W�ƐV/=�]V`gˇ��^Z��cP������.{������6   o.*�sɽ���U?E.3�,�H$�{�?
             �%�0��2    ��n�C!%�>��]��
#߽v�E��K��?X|���5�ΰ@>A;#J���,��Q��$���ݨ��^����7�g�Xn�k����d욒�`fQ/7��vh|�ȥ*^M
                            �[����׈���i�I��    $��4��
  Y��`V.��ح��?�eT����5K˱~�瞯r�fL^I �#b�@�pBƞ���V`5��a��qH���Ş�t�V3��┌���T���1␉�␍$5��@T␤$�>$����π���S�[۸£�[ȟ␋CO≥�ގ^��>��]E�A��┘���I(�㴨Z�J'��:�-_┤±�K␌�ۓ#:�?m��^�Z�+�����G
�k�t�O��SD�4����^o��Z�n���6M�)!��r��w�3\�R����
�X6<#����.��p� Cj"�2�ĭ�*h�S�`}�L���C?�� �چZc'kG��

Not gonna win, but posted it for fun.

Xamarin.Forms C#, 317 bytes

using Xamarin.Forms;public class App:Application{public App(){var s=new StackLayout{BackgroundColor=Color.White,Orientation=(StackOrientation)1,VerticalOptions=LayoutOptions.End};foreach(var c in"I Voted")s.Children.Add(new Label{Text=c+"",TextColor=c%2<1?Color.Blue:Color.Red});MainPage=new ContentPage{Content=s};}}

VerticalOptions=LayoutOptions.End is needed for iOS, otherwise the text will be overlayed by status bar. No problem on Android so can save 34 bytes including comma.

Ungolfed

using Xamarin.Forms;
public class App : Application
{
    public App()
    {
        // Make a horizontal StackLayout for labels
        var s = new StackLayout
        {
            BackgroundColor = Color.White,
            Orientation = (StackOrientation)1,   // StackOrientation.Horizontal
            VerticalOptions = LayoutOptions.End
        };
        foreach(var c in "I Voted")
            // Make a new label for each letter, then add to StackLayout
            s.Children.Add(new Label
                {
                    // Cast char to string
                    Text = c + "",
                    // Happens that 'I', 'o', and 'e' are all odd in ASCII, and 'V', 't', and 'd' are all even :)
                    TextColor = c%2<1 ? Color.Blue : Color.Red   
                }
            );
        // Set app MainPage to be a new ContentPage, where the content is the StackLayout above
        MainPage = new ContentPage { Content = s };
    }
}

Bash, 61 bytes

b="\e[34m";r=${b/4/1};echo -e ${r}I ${b}V${r}o${b}t${r}e${b}d

with white background 61 + 9 byte:

b="\e[34m";r=${b/4/1};echo -e "\e[107m"${r}I ${b}V${r}o${b}t${r}e${b}d

C, 65 bytes

i;main(c){for(;c="I Voted"[i++];printf("\33[3%dm%c",c&1?1:4,c));}

or, more accurately:

i;main(c){for(i=90;c="\0.noitcele ym saw ti fi enod evah dluow I sseug I tuB .hsitirB ma I esuaceb ,etov ton did I"[i--];printf("\33[3%dm%c",c&1?1:4,c));}

Uses the same bash colour technique used by betseg, but with the octal escape sequence instead of hex, and with Sp3000's observation that all odd codepoints are red.

Leaves the terminal in blue. Reset with:

printf "\33[0m";

Emmet, 49 62 61 68 bytes

a{I}+r{V}+a{o}+r{t}+a{e}+r{d}+style{r{color:red}}
r{I }+w{V}+r{o}+w{t}+r{e}+w{d}+style{r{color:red}w{color:#00f}}

Running this will generate the following HTML code:

<w>I</w> <r>V</r> <w>o</w> <r>t</r> <w>e</w> <r>d</r> <style>r{color:red}w{color:00f}</style>

And it looks like this:

It's using the blue of links, so the only color that needs to be set is red, saving us some bytes.

Perl, 57 + 17 = 74 bytes

Run with -MTerm::ANSIColor

sub c{color$a++%2?blue:red}say c,"I ",c,V,c,o,c,t,c,e,c,d

Your terminal may be blue at the end (append ,c("reset") at the end of the code to restore it to normal).

By default, terminals are usually black background, but they can be optionally changed to white, which I personally don't think is cheating.

With picture:

PHP, 199 201 150 bytes

This script outputs image to standard output. Updated thanks to manatwork

imagefill($i=imagecreatetruecolor(99,99),0,0,~2**24);foreach([I,' ',V,o,t,e,d]as$k=>$e)imagestring($i,2,$k*9,0,$e,!$k|$k&1?0xFF0000:255);imagepng($i);

Run it in the command line like this:

php -d error_reporting=0 -r "imagefill($i=imagecreatetruecolor(99,99),0,0,~2**24);foreach([I,' ',V,o,t,e,d]as$k=>$e)imagestring($i,2,$k*9,0,$e,!$k|$k&1?0xFF0000:255);imagepng($i);" > output.png

Output: