Help:IPA for Norwegian

This article used to be a joint pronunciation guide for Norwegian and Swedish. For the pronunciation guide for the latter language, see Help:IPA for Swedish.

The chart below shows how the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Norwegian pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. The accent that has been used here as a model is Standard East Norwegian, which is not an official standard of the language because of the Norwegian language conflict. See also Norwegian phonology for more details about pronunciation.

Consonants IPA Examples Nearest English equivalent b bil bee ç kjip Similar to huge d dag day ɖ sardin North American order ʁd (No English equivalent) f fot foot ɡ god good h hatt hat j jojo yoyo k kafé café l lake lack ɭ Karl North American twirl ʁl (No English equivalent) m man man n natt night ɳ barn North American turner ʁn (No English equivalent) ŋ ting thing p pappa papa r år A tapped or trilled "r". ʁ roughly like loch (Scottish English) s sabel sabre ʂ sjø shoe torsdag ʁs (No English equivalent) t tirsdag tea ʈ parti North American cartel ʁt (No English equivalent) v vaktel vat

Vowels IPA Examples Nearest English equivalent Monophthongs ɑ fast art ɑː mat bra, RP car æ fersk trap æː ære Australian ham e helle North American and RP set eː hel Scottish save i sill hill iː i need ɔ åtte RP lot; North American fort ɔː mål Scottish stove; RP law ø nøtt similar to Burt; German short ö øː dø similar to bird; German long ö u ond put, with tight lips uː bot fool ʉ full somewhat like put; German  müssen ʉː ful like Scottish do; German  üben y nytt somewhat like hit; Swedish  syll yː syl somewhat like leave; Swedish  syl Diphthongs ɑi̯ kai Australian price æi̯ bein Australian day æʉ̯ hauk Somewhat like Australian now ei̯ tape day ɔy̑ boikott boy øy̑ røyk Somewhat like Scottish house ʉi̯ hui to eternity Reduced vowels ə påle about Stress and tone IPA Examples Explanation ˈ bønder [ˈbønːər] [ˈbønːəʁ] Tone 1 / acute accent: low-rising tone in Oslo and Trondheim: [ˈbø̀nːə̌r] falling-low tone in Bergen: [ˈbø̂nːə̀ʁ] rising-falling tone in Stavanger: [ˈbø̌nːɔ̂ʁ] simple primary stress in certain accents: [ˈbønːər] ² bønner [²bønːər] [²bønːəʁ] Tone 2 / grave accent: falling-rising tone in Oslo and Trondheim: [ˈbø̂nːə̌r] rising-falling tone in Bergen: [ˈbø̌nːə̂ʁ] falling-falling tone in Stavanger: [ˈbø̂nːɔ̂ʁ] simple primary stress in certain accents: [ˈbønːər]

References

• Kristoffersen, Gjert (2000), The Phonology of Norwegian, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-823765-5 
• Skaug, Ingebjørg (2003) [First published 1996], Norsk språklydlære med øvelser (in Norwegian) (3rd ed.), Oslo: Cappelen Akademisk Forlag AS, ISBN 82-456-0178-0 
• Strandskogen, Åse-Berit (1979), Norsk fonetikk for utlendinger (in Norwegian), Oslo: Gyldendal, ISBN 82-05-10107-8 
• Vanvik, Arne (1979), Norsk fonetikk (in Norwegian), Oslo: Universitetet i Oslo, ISBN 82-990584-0-6 

Further reading

• Berulfsen, Bjarne (1969), Norsk Uttaleordbok (in Norwegian), Oslo: H. Aschehoug & Co (W Nygaard) 
• Vanvik, Arne (1985), Norsk Uttaleordbok: A Norwegian pronouncing dictionary, Oslo: Fonetisk institutt, Universitetet i Oslo, ISBN 978-8299058414 

External links

• "Lexin". Uni Research Computing. 
• "Nordavinden og sola: Opptak og transkripsjoner av norske dialekter" (in Norwegian). Trondheim: Institutt for språk- og kommunikasjonsstudier, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet.