Besides gaining reputation with your questions and answers, you receive badges for being especially helpful. Badges appear on your profile page, flair, and your posts.
Question Badges
Ask a well-received question on 5 separate days, and maintain a positive question record
326 awarded
Ask a well-received question on 30 separate days, and maintain a positive question record
15 awarded
Ask a well-received question on 100 separate days, and maintain a positive question record
3 awarded
Asked a question with zero score, no answers, no comments, and low views for a week
223 awarded
Answer Badges
Highest scoring answer that outscored an accepted answer with score of more than 10 by more than 2x
5 awarded
Answer more than 30 days after a question was asked as first answer scoring 2 or more
646 awarded
Participation Badges
Visit an election during any phase of an active election and have enough reputation to cast a vote
638 awarded
Followed the Area 51 proposal for this site before it entered the commitment phase
47 awarded
Voted 10 times, added 3 posts score > 0, and visited the site on 3 separate days during the private beta
29 awarded
Tag Badges
You must have a total score of 100 in at least 20 non-community wiki answers to achieve this badge.
102 awarded
You must have a total score of 400 in at least 80 non-community wiki answers to achieve this badge.
10 awarded
You must have a total score of 1000 in at least 200 non-community wiki answers to achieve this badge.
2 awarded
Moderation Badges
Up vote 100 answers on questions where an answer of yours has a positive score
10 awarded
