q-Sine

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There are several q-analogs of the sine function.

The two natural definitions of the q-sine defined by Koekoek and Swarttouw (1998) are given by

sin_q(z)=sum_(n=0)^(infty)((-1)^nz^(2n+1))/((q;q)_(2n+1))
(1)
=(e_q(iz)-e_q(-iz))/(2i)
(2)
Sin_q(z)=(E_q(iz)-E_q(-iz))/(2i),
(3)

where e_q(z) and E_q(z) are q-exponential functions. The q-cosine and q-sine functions satisfy the relations

sin_q(z)Sin_q(z)+cos_q(z)Cos_q(z)=1
(4)
sin_q(z)Cos_q(z)-Sin_q(z)cos_q(z)=0.
(5)

Another definition of the q-sine considered by Gosper (2001) is given by

sin_q^*(piz)=(q^((z-1/2)^2)(q^(2z);q^2)_infty(q^(2-2z);q^2)_infty)/((q;q^2)_infty^2)
(6)
=iq^(z^2)(theta_1(izlnq))/(theta_4)
(7)
=(theta_1(piz,p))/(theta_1(1/2pi,p)),
(8)

where theta_1(z,p) is a Jacobi theta function and p is defined via

 (lnp)(lnq)=pi^2.
(9)

This is an odd function of unit amplitude and period 2pi with double and triple angle formulas and addition formulas which are analogous to ordinary sine and cosine. For example,

 sin_q^*(2z)=(q^2+1)(pi_q)/(pi_(q^2))cos_(q^2)^*zsin_(q^2)^*z,
(10)

where cos_q^*z is the q-cosine and pi_q is q-pi (Gosper 2001).

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